The invention provides an electronic archive scanning, recognizing and filing method. The electronic archive scanning, recognizing and filing method comprises the steps that (1) archive files are scanned to assigned catalogs, and the assigned catalogs are compressed; (2) a compression package is transmitted to an image file server through a network protocol after compression is completed; (3) the image file server automatically decompresses received compression files, OCR is carried out on decompressed image files, and the image files are automatically correlated to corresponding archive catalogs according to rules by extracting written messages in the image files. The invention further provides an electronic archive scanning, recognizing and filing system. Through the electronic archive scanning, recognizing and filing method and system, one-button operation is achieved, paper files are converted into electronic archives, and the efficiency of steps of scanning, uploading and the like of traditional files is improved greatly; through the integration of the OCR image and character recognition technology, correlation of the electronic archives and business entities is achieved, operation does not need to be carried out by people, labor cost is reduced greatly, and construction time is reduced.