Preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles. The preparation method is as follows: at room temperature, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone into noble metal precursor aqueous solution; stirring uniformly, then adding ammonia water, and stirring for 10-30 minutes at room temperature; transferring the prepared reaction solution into a reactor, sealing and reacting for 2-10 hours at the temperature of 100-200 DEG C; after cooling, centrifuging products, collecting precipitates, and cleaning for 2-3 times by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the metal icosahedral nanoparticles. Compared with the prior art, in the invention, the polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as both a surface active agent and a reducing agent, the preparation cost is obviously reduced, and water which is low in cost and easy to obtain is used as a solvent and a reaction medium, thus the synthetic method is simple and environment-friendly, is finished by one step, is easy to operate and has strong reproducibility; and the prepared product has the characteristics of high yield, high purity, uniform size distribution and the like, has excellent catalytic activity and can be used for heterogeneous organic reaction catalysis, electric catalysis, electrode materials of fuel batteries and the like.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation methods of metal nanomaterials. technical background: [0002] The metal in the present invention refers to precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, etc., and its nanomaterials have many excellent properties, and have important application prospects in the fields of optics, catalysis, and sensing, so they have received extensive attention. However, these unique properties are closely related to the size and shape of the material. In particular, noble metal nanoparticles with polyhedral structures usually exhibit better performance than the same materials with other shapes, and have greater advantages in the above fields. Among them, icosahedral noble metal nanoparticles have attracted more attention because of their high symmetry, thus exhibiting unique optical properties and excellent catalytic performance. Usually, noble metal nanoparticles with polyhedral structure are p...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there are fewer reports on the preparation of icosahedral noble metal nanoparticles. In the limited reports, the polyol method is mainly used. However, this method has some unavoidable defects: first, polyols will cause a certain degree of pollution to the environment. , does not meet the requirements of green chemistry; second, due to the participation of impurity ions, there will be more or less impurities in the product, which brings inconvenience to the post-processing of the product; third, due to the need to prepare seed crystals in advance, the preparation process Complicated, and at the same time, the reproducibility of the preparation process will be poor due to the uncertainty of the seed crystal; fourth, the preparation cost is high, which is not conducive to industrial production

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