Gold-containing catalyst for preparing vinyl chloride by using acetylene method as well as preparation method and application of catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a gold-containing catalyst for preparing vinyl chloride by using an acetylene method as well as a preparation method and application of the catalyst. The catalyst contains a gold element, a lanthanum element, a cobalt element, a co-catalytic metal element and a carrier with a porous micro-structure. The gold accounts for 0.3%-2% by mass of the catalyst; the gold element in the catalyst comes from gold chlorides or gold nitrates; the cobalt element comes from chlorides of the cobalt or cobalt nitrates; and the lanthanum element comes from lanthanum chlorides or lanthanum nitrates. The catalyst disclosed by the invention in use is free from inactivation phenomenon caused by sublimation of industrial catalyst mercury chloride, has no pollution to the environment, overcomes defects of high toxicity and high pollution of the conventional industrial catalyst mercury chloride, has the characteristics of simple preparation method, high conversion rate of the acetylene and selectivity of the vinyl chloride, long service life up to 1000 hours or more, high temperature resistance, and high intensity and is renewable, and the conversion rate of the acetylene and selectivity of the vinyl chloride approximate to or exceed the technical indexes of the mercury chloride catalyst.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gold-containing catalyst for preparing vinyl chloride by an acetylene method, a preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Polyvinyl chloride material is widely used in various industries due to its excellent performance in physical properties and chemical stability, and is one of the most widely used general-purpose plastics in the world. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is polymerized from vinyl chloride (VCM). The industrial production methods of vinyl chloride monomer mainly include ethylene oxychlorination method and acetylene carbide method. In developed countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States, due to the advantages of the petroleum industry, vinyl chloride is mainly produced by the ethylene oxychlorination method, while the output of vinyl chloride by the calcium carbide method is only more than ten percent of the world's total output. However, in recent years, with the gradual reduc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

due to HgCl 2 The vapor pressure is high, and the catalyst is easily sublimated during the reaction, resulting in deactivation, and the lost mercuric chloride will cause toxicity to organisms and the environment

The main shortcomings of the mercuric chloride catalyzed acetylene method to produce vinyl chloride: 1. After replacing the new catalyst in production, it must be maintained for 7 to 20 days, which affects production; 2. Since mercury ions are physically adsorbed on the inner wall of the activated carbon channel, heat The stability is very poor, and the sublimation loss is fast. Generally, 1.4-1.7kg of mercury catalyst is consumed to produce 1 ton of vinyl chloride, and the production life is short; 3. Due to the loss of mercury into the atmosphere, it pollutes the environment

Although with the deepening of research, the catalytic activity of gold-containing catalysts has been continuously improved, and even reached the industrial level, but the short life of gold-containing catalysts (usually only a few hours) has always been the bottleneck of its industrialization.