Method and apparatus for continuous oil product hydrodesulphurization by using microwaves

Abstract

The invention provides a method and an apparatus for continuous oil product hydrodesulphurization by using microwaves. The method comprises the steps that: a fixed bed reactor is adopted; a hydrodesulphurization catalyst is filled in a middle part in the rector; with a microwave generation and transmission apparatus, microwaves are generated and are fed into the reactor; an oil raw material is mixed with hydrogen gas, and the mixture is continuously delivered into the fixed bed reactor, such that the oil raw material and the hydrogen gas contact the hydrodesulphurization catalyst and are subjected to a hydrodesulphurization reaction under the effect of microwaves; and a product of the hydrodesulphurization reaction is fetched from the reactor, and is subjected to post-treatment. According to the invention, a microwave technology is practically applied in the oil product continuous hydrodesulphurization process, such that process conditions are moderated, oil product desulphurization efficiency can be effectively improved, and oil refining can be more economical.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a continuous method and device for hydrodesulfurization of oil by using microwaves. Background technique [0002] At present, all countries in the world are devoting themselves to the research and development of FCC gasoline desulfurization technology, and have made great progress. The existing FCC gasoline desulfurization technologies mainly include hydrodesulfurization (HDS) technology and non-hydrogenation desulfurization technology. Among them, HDS technology is an effective method for large-scale production of clean oil products. Traditional HDS technology requires high temperature and pressure to achieve the corresponding sulfur content, but high temperature will cause side reactions such as cracking, resulting in gasoline octane and diesel oil. There is a loss of cetane number and its yield. With the current heavy and inferior quality of FCC raw materials, the sulfur content in FCC gasoline is increasing, and the corre...

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Problems solved by technology

These two types of technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages: FCC gasoline selective hydrodesulfurization technology can achieve deep desulfurization effect, and the yield is high. Although the reduction of olefins is limited, hydrogenation saturation is inevitable during the hydrodesulfurization process, resulting in product The octane number is lost compared with the raw material, and the higher the olefin saturation, the greater the octane loss of the product; the combined technology of hydrodesulfurization and octane number recovery can greatly reduce the sulfur content and olefin content, and can also be adjusted by adjusting The severity of the reaction is used to recover the octane number of the product through reactions such as isomerization and aromatization. The octane number of the product is even higher than that of the raw material, but this type of technology inevitably produces a certain amount of dry gas and liquefied gas due to cracking reactions, resulting in gasoline Yield reduction

However, this technology has the following problems: It is recorded that crude oil and catalyst are mixed by stirring, but in fact, due to the large cavity, there will be certain problems in the mixing uniformity of oil, gas, and catalyst. It is also easy to block the pipeline during the actual operation; in this method, after the hydrodesulfurization reaction is completed, the catalyst and the crude oil need to be separated, and the operation is cumbersome by gravity sedimentation or filtration; all the embodiments of the method are carried out under batch conditions It does not explain how to achieve continuous. CEM’s microwave device is a batch reactor, hydrogen is pre-filled into it and does not flow, or a hydrogen supplier is used. The supplier has many restrictions and cannot be effectively used for HDS; in addition , In terms of desulfurization effect, the desulfurization rate of the raw material oil used by this technology is very low, and the desulfurization rate recorded in the examples is all below 40%, and some even only have 1% to 5%

Among them, the purpose of avoiding the leakage of combustible gas is achieved by opening holes on the safety isolator (actually, the leaked gas is emitted through these holes), however, how to prevent hydrogen or combustible fuel gas from entering, this document does not make a clear description, The leakage of hydrogen is absolutely prohibited for the oil hydrogenation reaction, and there are potential safety hazards

[0007] The technology reported in the above prior art about the use of microwaves for hydrodesulfurization of oil products is difficult to implement in actual production

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