Method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis

A metal sodium, electrolytic cell technology, applied in the direction of electrolysis process, electrolysis components, process efficiency improvement, etc., can solve the problems of corroded electron conduction, deposition, material cracking, etc., achieve high-efficiency and high-selectivity enrichment, and avoid harsh conditions , the effect of reducing energy consumption

Active Publication Date: 2013-04-10
QINGDAO INST OF BIOENERGY & BIOPROCESS TECH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

β-Al as separator 2 o 3 , β”-Al 2 o 3 Or NASICON type solid electrolyte, which has high conductivity, high density, high strength and uniform microstructure, but the study found that sodium deposition may occur in the process of electrolytic preparation of metallic sodium by the fast sodium ion conductor as the diaphragm, namely Sodium atoms are deposited and accumulated in the lattice of sodium

Method used

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  • Method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis
  • Method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis

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preparation example Construction

[0034] The preparation condition of metal sodium in the present invention is normal temperature and normal pressure, apply a certain DC voltage between the cathode and the anode, and the cathode is a negative potential, so as to realize the selective enrichment of sodium ions from the anode area to the cathode area and the concentration of sodium ions on the cathode. Electrolytic reduction; the reaction in the cathode area of ​​the electrolytic cell is carried out under an inert gas protection atmosphere to prevent the entry of air and water.

[0035] The constituent materials of the electrolytic cell in the present invention are stainless steel, glass, polytetrafluoroethylene materials, etc.; the structure of the electrolytic cell is a bipolar chamber or a multipolar chamber, and the solution can flow between the electrode chambers; Metal electrodes, carbon electrodes, metal oxide electrodes or ceramic electrodes, such as nickel electrodes for cathodes and graphite electrodes ...

Embodiment 1

[0041] β”-Al with a thickness of 1 mm and modified by polyvinylidene fluoride membrane 2 o 3 The ceramic is fixed between the negative electrode chamber and the positive electrode chamber of the stainless steel electrolytic cell to keep the electrode chamber well sealed; a graphite rod is used as the anode and a nickel sheet is used as the cathode, which are respectively fixed in the positive and negative electrode chambers; 6 500ml of propylene carbonate organic electrolyte was injected into the negative electrode chamber, and argon gas was continuously fed into it for protection; an aqueous solution containing 1M NaCl was injected into the positive electrode chamber. Connect the positive and negative wires to the circuit, adjust the voltage to 3.6V, and after 12 hours of electrolytic reaction, discharge the aqueous solution in the positive chamber, recover the organic electrolyte in the negative chamber in a glove box filled with argon gas, and obtain metal deposits. Sodium...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Na-β-Al with a thickness of 2 mm 2 o 3 The diaphragm is fixed between the negative electrode chamber and the positive electrode chamber of the polytetrafluoroethylene electrolytic cell; graphite rods are used as anodes and nickel sheets are used as cathodes respectively; 500ml of acetonitrile solution containing 1M sodium perchlorate is injected into the negative electrode chamber, and argon gas is introduced For protection; inject 500mL of concentrated seawater into the cathode chamber. The voltage was adjusted to 4.0V, and after 24 hours of electrolysis, high-purity metal sodium was obtained.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis. The method comprises the following steps: at normal temperature and normal pressure, applying a direct current voltage to and an anode and a cathode to drive sedum ions to selectively penetrate through a sodium ion selective permeability diaphragm from an anode region to a cathode region based on the cathode as a negative potential and the anode as a positive potential, and reacting at the inert gas atmosphere so that metal sodium is electrolysized and reduced at the cathode, wherein the anode region of an electrolytic cell is filled with an aqueous solution containing sodium ions, the cathode region is filled with a non-aqueous solvent with a sodium ion conductivity, and the anode region and the cathode region of the electrolytic cell are separated by the sodium ion selective permeability membrane. The method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis under mild conditions avoids severe conditions which are required to prepare sodium metal by a traditional high temperature molten electrolysis process, can greatly reduce the energy consumption, and further lowers adverse impacts on the environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrolytic preparation of sodium metal, and specifically relates to a method for sodium ion enrichment and electrolytic preparation of sodium metal. A sodium ion selective permeable membrane is used to separate the cathode area and the anode area of ​​an electrolytic cell. The diaphragm has sodium ions Specific selectivity and rapid passage performance, while isolating the non-aqueous solvent in the cathode area and the aqueous electrolyte in the anode area. After a certain potential is applied to the cathode and anode, sodium ions quickly pass through the sodium ion selective permeable membrane and enter the cathode area for enrichment , other ions are blocked by the diaphragm; sodium ions are electrolytically reduced to metal sodium on the cathode, and corresponding oxidation reactions occur on the anode. The preparation method is used to selectively separate sodium ions in complex aqueous phases and prepare high...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25C1/02C25C7/04
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 崔光磊张立学张传健刘志宏商超群
Owner QINGDAO INST OF BIOENERGY & BIOPROCESS TECH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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