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Lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and battery

A lithium-ion battery and negative electrode material technology, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of silicon expansion, serious silicon agglomeration, poor cycle performance, etc., and achieve orderly arrangement, good dispersion, The effect of improving adhesion

Active Publication Date: 2014-03-26
BTR NEW MATERIAL GRP CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The nano-silicon prepared by etching in this invention has a large specific surface area, making it difficult to obtain uniform dispersion on the graphite surface. Therefore, the silicon-carbon material prepared by this method has serious silicon agglomeration, which cannot solve the expansion of silicon, resulting in poor cycle performance of the material.

Method used

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  • Lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and battery
  • Lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and battery
  • Lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and battery

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0084] Spherical natural graphite is mechanically crushed to graphite particles with a median particle size of 5.0-15.0 μm, placed in a ball mill containing 4 mm silicon nitride balls and a propanol solvent, and ball milled to obtain a median particle size of 1.0 μm. ~10.0μm hollow graphite; the silicon raw material is air-pulverized to obtain silicon particles with a median particle size of 5.0-30.0μm, which are then placed in a sand mill containing 0.01mm tungsten carbide beads and methanol solvent for grinding. Obtain nano-silicon powder with a median particle size of 10-300nm; add the above-prepared nano-silicon powder and fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester to methanol at a mass ratio of 15:0.5, and ultrasonically stir for 0.5h to form uniformly dispersed nano-silicon Suspension; add hollow graphite (nano-silicon: hollow graphite mass ratio 15:50) to the suspension, stir for 2 hours at a stirring speed of 2000rpm, and dry to obtain the first precursor; add the first precu...

Embodiment 2

[0086] Mechanically crush flake natural graphite to graphite particles with a median particle size of 10.0-25.0 μm, place it in a ball mill containing 0.01mm silicon nitride balls and ethylene glycol solvent, and perform ball milling to obtain the median particle size Hollow graphite of 1.0-10.0 μm; mechanically pulverize silicon raw materials to obtain silicon particles with a median particle size of 5.0-40.0 μm, and then place them in a sand mill containing 0.02mm zirconia balls and ethylene glycol solvent Grinding in the medium to obtain nano-silicon powder with a median particle size of 10-400nm; add the above-prepared nano-silicon powder and polyetherimide to ethylene glycol at a mass ratio of 50:1, and ultrasonically stir for 1h to form a uniform Dispersed nano-silicon suspension; add hollowed graphite (nano-silicon: hollowed graphite mass ratio 50:30) to the suspension, stir for 5 hours at a stirring speed of 3000rpm, and dry to obtain the first precursor; the first prec...

Embodiment 3

[0088] Spherical artificial graphite is crushed by high-pressure grinding to graphite particles with a median particle size of 5.0-10.0 μm, placed in a ball mill containing 10 mm silicon nitride balls and acetone solvent, and ball milled to obtain a median particle size of 1.0 μm. ~10.0μm hollowed graphite; the silicon raw material is jet-milled to obtain silicon particles with a median particle size of 5.0-20.0μm, which are then placed in a sand mill containing 1mm silicon carbide beads and N-methylpyrrolidone solvent Grind to obtain nano-silicon powder with a median particle size of 50-500nm; add the above-prepared nano-silicon powder and polyacrylic acid to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:10, and ultrasonically stir for 0.1h to form a uniformly dispersed nano-silicon suspension liquid; add hollowed graphite (nano-silicon: hollowed graphite mass ratio 1:90) to the suspension, stir for 1 hour at a stirring speed of 600rpm, and dry to obtain the first precursor; add the first prec...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, a preparation method of the lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material, and a battery. The lithium ion battery silicon-based composite anode material adopts an embedded composite core-shell structure, a core has a structure formed by embedding nano silicon particles into a gap of an inner layer of hollowed graphite, and a shell is made from a non-graphite carbon material. According to the silicon-based composite anode material, mechanical grinding, mechanical fusing, isotropic compression processing and carbon coating technologies are combined, so that the nano silicon particles can be successfully embedded into the inner layer of the graphite and the surfaces of graphite particles are uniformly coated; the high-performance silicon-based composite anode material is obtained and is excellent in cycle performance (the 300-times cycle capacity retention ratio is more than 90%) and high in first efficiency (more than 90%); in addition, the silicon-based composite anode material is high in specific energy and compaction density, and can meet the requirements of a high-power density lithium ion battery; the preparation process is simple, the raw material cost is low, and the environment is protected.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries, a preparation method and a battery. Background technique [0002] As an energy storage device, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronic products and electric vehicles due to their advantages such as high working voltage, long cycle life, no memory effect, small self-discharge, and environmental friendliness. At present, commercial lithium-ion batteries mainly use graphite-based negative electrode materials, but its theoretical specific capacity is 372mAh / g, while the specific capacity of graphite-based negative electrode materials developed by existing technologies is close to its theoretical value, so graphite-based negative electrode materials The development potential of negative electrode materials is limited, and it is difficult to meet the miniaturization...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/583H01M10/0525
CPCY02E60/122H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/583H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10H01M4/1395H01M4/38H01M4/44H01M4/62
Inventor 岳敏何鹏李胜任建国黄友元
Owner BTR NEW MATERIAL GRP CO LTD
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