Porous nanometer zero-valent iron and porous nanometer zero-valent iron composite material

A technology of nano-zero-valent iron and composite materials, applied in the direction of nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc., can solve the problems of easy agglomeration of products, high production costs, small specific surface area, etc., and achieve Low production cost, not easy to agglomerate, large specific surface area

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-11-25
中国人民解放军军事科学院防化研究院
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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Aiming at the current problems of high production cost, small specific surface area, easy agglomeration and low activity of nano-zero-valent iron, the present invention provides porous nano-zero-valent iron, porous nano-zero-valent iron composite material and its preparation method and application, specifically including the following Several aspects:

Method used

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Embodiment 1

[0072] Embodiment 1. Utilize Al-Fe-Ni porous nano-zero valent iron composite to eliminate trichlorethylene in water

[0073] Contain 46% aluminium, the preparation method of the nano-alloy particle of 50% iron and 4% nickel is: with iron powder, aluminum powder and nickel powder (the average particle diameter of three kinds of powders is 300 orders, purchased from Beijing Gaodewei company) as The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight ratio, after being melted, superheated at 50°C, passed through high-pressure water mist and dried to obtain the above-mentioned ternary alloy particles with a particle size of 0.6-5.8 μm, and the powder is added to a high-energy ball mill (SPEX8000M single-grinding pot high-energy ball mill) Among them, the ball-to-material ratio is 25:1-50:1, sealed under argon protection, and after ball milling for 48 hours, an Al-Fe-Ni ternary alloy powder with an average particle size of 600-800nm ​​is obtained (see Wang Yanxing, et al., Prepar...

Embodiment 2

[0075] Embodiment 2. Utilize Al-Fe-Pd nano zero valent iron composite to eliminate trichlorethylene in soil

[0076] With reference to the method of Example 1, the Al-Fe-Pd ternary alloy powder (the mass ratio of aluminum-iron-palladium is 55:44.9:0.1) with an average particle diameter of 600-800nm ​​was prepared, and the ternary alloy powder was prepared by 1g:100mL Ratio, immersed in 4mol / L NaOH and 2mol / L sodium methoxide solution with oxygen content less than 0.5mg / L (NaOH:sodium methoxide=5:1 (volume ratio)), in N 2 Under protection at a rotating speed of 1500rpm, magnetically stirred for 3 hours, filtered, rinsed with distilled water with an oxygen content of less than 0.5mg / l to neutrality (pH=7.2-7.6), and then dried under vacuum conditions (vacuum degree 200Pa), That is, porous nano-scale zero-valent iron composite particles containing trace aluminum impurities and palladium were prepared. The average particle size of this particle was 755nm, the porosity was 50.8%, a...

Embodiment 3

[0078] Embodiment 3. Utilize Si-Fe-Cu porous nano-zero valent iron composite to eliminate trichlorethylene in water

[0079] With reference to the method of Example 1, the Si-Fe-Cu ternary alloy powder (mass ratio is 60:35:5) with an average particle diameter of 600-800nm ​​was prepared, and the ternary alloy powder was immersed in the ratio of 1g:100mL containing In 4mol / L NaOH and 2mol / L sodium methoxide solution (NaOH:sodium methoxide = 5:1 volume ratio) with oxygen content less than 0.5mg / L, in N 2 Under protection at a speed of 1500rpm, magnetically stirred for 3 hours, filtered, rinsed with distilled water with an oxygen content of less than 0.5mg / L to neutrality (pH=7.2-7.6), and then dried under vacuum conditions (vacuum degree 200Pa), That is, Fe / Cu bimetallic nanoparticles containing a small amount of Si were prepared, and the porosity of the particles was 58.6%. The specific surface area of ​​Fe / Cu bimetallic nanoparticles is about 211m 2 / g, the average particle ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to nanometer material and in particular relates to porous nanometer zero-valent iron composite material mainly made from main active constituent component, a skeleton component and an auxiliary component. The main active constituent component is nanometer zero-valent iron; the skeleton component is made from one or more than one metal of Al, Mn, Si and Zn; and the auxiliary component is made from one or a plurality of components of the Ni, Pt, La, Cu and Pd. The invention further relates to the preparation method for the porous nanometer zero-valent iron composite material and purposes of the porous nanometer zero-valent iron composite material on fields of water pollution processing, soil pollution processing and environment repairing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a porous nanometer material, in particular to a porous nanometer zero-valent iron and a porous nanometer zerovalent iron composite material. The present invention also relates to the preparation method of the porous nano-zero-valent iron and its composite material, and the use of the porous nano-zero-valent iron and its composite material in water pollution treatment, soil pollution treatment or environmental restoration. Background technique [0002] In water environment pollution in recent years, a series of highly toxic, refractory, persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants, such as dichlorvos, dieldrin, aldrin and other organochlorine pesticides, trichlorethylene, tetrachloroethylene, etc. Industrial organochlorine solvents and heavy metal ion pollution such as Cr 6+ , As 5+ , Pb 2+ And so on, more and more become the focus of people's attention. [0003] Among the above-mentioned pollutants, halogenated hydrocarbons, o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B22F1/00B22F1/02B22F9/16B82Y40/00B82Y30/00
Inventor 史喜成李静高晓强董艳春王东辉张忠良宋华韩浩
Owner 中国人民解放军军事科学院防化研究院
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