Silicon-based anode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-based anode material

A silicon-based negative electrode material and lithium-ion battery technology, which is applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve problems that limit the commercialization of silicon materials, structural damage, and loss of lithium intercalation capabilities.

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-04-13
HARBIN INST OF TECH SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, its excessive volume expansion and the formation of an unstable solid electrolyte (SEI) film on the surface during the charge and discharge process lead to the destruction of its structure during the cycle and the loss of lithium intercalation ability and rapid capacity decay, which limits the commercialization of silicon materials. Applications

Method used

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  • Silicon-based anode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-based anode material
  • Silicon-based anode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-based anode material
  • Silicon-based anode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-based anode material

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Embodiment 1

[0054] A Li-ion battery core-shell structure SiNiSi 2 / Ni / C negative electrode material, the silicon-based negative electrode material is a silicon-metal alloy three-layer composite material with a core-shell structure, the core layer is silicon, and the middle layer is an alloy compound NiSi of silicon and metal Ni 2 A mixture of Ni and metal, the outermost layer is pyrolytic carbon.

[0055] Prepared by the following steps, the detailed process is as follows figure 1 Shown:

[0056] Step 1: Dissolve nickel chloride in deionized water to obtain nickel chloride solution I, wherein the mass of nickel chloride is m NiCl2 =0.1166g;

[0057] Step 2: After stirring solution I at room temperature for 2 hours, add nano silicon powder, and then continue to stir for 4 hours to obtain solution II, wherein n Si :n Ni 2+ =20:1;

[0058] Step 3: Slowly add ammonia water dropwise to solution II to produce precipitation to obtain Ni(OH) 2 The mixed solution III attached to the surfac...

Embodiment 2

[0069] A Li-ion battery core-shell structure SiNiSi 2 / Ni / C negative electrode material, the silicon-based negative electrode material is a silicon-metal alloy three-layer composite material with a core-shell structure, the core layer is silicon, and the middle layer is an alloy compound NiSi of silicon and metal Ni 2 A mixture of Ni and metal, the outermost layer is pyrolytic carbon.

[0070] Prepared by the following steps, the detailed process is as follows figure 1 Shown:

[0071] Step 1: Dissolve nickel chloride in deionized water to obtain nickel chloride solution I, wherein the mass of nickel chloride is m NiCl2 =0.0778g;

[0072] Step 2: After stirring solution I at room temperature for 2 hours, add nano silicon powder, and then continue to stir for 2 hours to obtain solution II, wherein n Si :n Ni 2+ =30:1;

[0073] Step 3: Slowly add ammonia water dropwise to solution II to produce precipitation to obtain Ni(OH) 2The mixed solution III attached to the surface...

Embodiment 3

[0083] A Li-ion battery core-shell structure SiNiSi 2 / Ni / C negative electrode material, the silicon-based negative electrode material is a silicon-metal alloy three-layer composite material with a core-shell structure, the core layer is silicon, and the middle layer is an alloy compound NiSi of silicon and metal Ni 2 A mixture of Ni and metal, the outermost layer is pyrolytic carbon.

[0084] Prepared by the following steps, the detailed process is as follows figure 1 Shown:

[0085] Step 1: Dissolve nickel chloride in deionized water to obtain nickel chloride solution I, wherein the mass of nickel chloride is m NiCl2 =0.0778g;

[0086] Step 2: After stirring solution I at room temperature for 2 hours, add nano silicon powder, and then continue to stir for 2 hours to obtain solution II, wherein n Si :n Ni 2+ =5:1;

[0087] Step 3: Slowly add ammonia water dropwise to solution II to produce precipitation to obtain Ni(OH) 2 The mixed solution III attached to the surface...

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-based anode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the silicon-based anode material. The silicon-based anode material of the lithium ion battery is a silicon-metal-alloy three-layer composite adopting a core-shell structure, the core layer comprises silicon, the middle layer comprises the mixture of a silicon and metal X alloy compound and X, the outermost layer comprises pyrolytic carbon, and X is a metal element which is combined with silicon and has a stabile structure in the charging-discharging process. With the adoption of the technical scheme, the cycle performance and the rate capability of silicon powder serving as a lithium ion battery anode material are improved, and the core-shell structure effectively inhibits size expansion of the silicon powder in the charging-discharging process; with the adoption of the pyrolytic carbon, the conductivity of the composite is increased, size expansion of the silicon powder in the charging-discharging process is inhibited, the silicon-based composite has excellent cycle performance and rate capability, the preparation method is simple and low in cost, and raw materials are rich and easy to obtain.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a silicon-based negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, and medical microelectronics due to their high energy density and excellent cycle performance. However, there are still many problems to be solved if it is to be applied to broader fields such as large stationary energy storage devices and electric vehicles. These issues include how to further increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, enhance the matching between battery packs, reduce the capacity attenuation during cycling, improve safety during work, broaden the normal operating temperature range, enhance the reliability of materials, reduce the production cos...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395Y02E60/10
Inventor 武俊伟邓连林崔彦辉
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL
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