High-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-plasma hybrid welding method

A composite welding and plasma technology, which is applied in laser welding equipment, welding equipment, welding/welding/cutting items, etc., can solve the problems of inability to realize composite effects, achieve improved plasma effects, increase strength and impact toughness, and save equipment costs Effect

Active Publication Date: 2016-06-01
CHINA-UKRAINE INST OF WELDING GUANGDONG ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology

Another Chinese patent application with the application number 201510412092.9 titled "Laser-Variable Polarity Plasma Hybrid Welding Method for Medium-Thickness Magnesium Alloys" is aimed at medium-thickness (10mm-50mm) magnesium alloy plates. The combination of gun tilting is used for composite welding, but there is also a distance between the two beams of heat sources, and the real composite effect cannot be achieved

Method used

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  • High-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-plasma hybrid welding method
  • High-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-plasma hybrid welding method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] Comparative test of butt welding of Al alloy (АМг6) plate with thickness δ=1.4mm

[0034] 1) Laser welding: continuous fiber laser beam P=400W, welding speed is 30m / h, penetration depth is 0.1-0.3mm;

[0035] 2) Micro-arc plasma welding: pulse mode, the positive pulse can melt the metal, while the negative pulse can cathodically clean the oxide film on the aluminum alloy surface. Positive current 正极 =30А, reverse polarity current 反极 =10А, positive pulse duration τ 正极 =20ms, antipolar pulse duration τ 反极 =10ms, the arc voltage U=19V, the welding speed is 30m / h, the amount of argon used as the plasma generating gas is 3l / min, and the amount used as the shielding gas is 9l / min. Welding effects such as figure 2 as shown in a;

[0036] 3) Laser-micro-arc plasma hybrid welding: Combining the above process parameters of laser and micro-arc plasma welding, the welding speed is increased to 150m / h (5 times the original efficiency). Welding effects such as figure 2 Show...

Embodiment 2

[0039] Comparative test of butt welding of Al alloy (АМг6) plate with thickness δ=1.4mm

[0040] 1) Laser welding: continuous fiber laser beam P=400W, welding speed is 110m / h. Welding effects such as image 3 as shown in a;

[0041] 2) Laser-micro-arc plasma hybrid welding: pulse mode, positive current 正极 =12А, reverse current 反极 =7А, positive pulse duration τ 正极 =30ms, anti-polarity pulse duration τ 反极 =10ms, arc voltage U=16V, the amount of argon used as plasma generating gas is 3l / min, the amount used as shielding gas is 9l / min, the welding speed is 170m / h, P=400W, and the focus appears on the surface of the sample. Welding effects such as image 3 Shown in b.

[0042] Comparison of test results: the size of the laser welding seam is small, the speed is too fast, and the forming is not good. The width of the upper surface of the composite welding seam is 1.14mm, the width of the lower surface is 0.39mm, and the width of the heat-affected zone is 0.05mm. Experiments...

Embodiment 3

[0044] Performance test of Al alloy (АМг3 and АМг6) plates with thickness δ=3mm

[0045] Laser-micro-arc plasma hybrid welding: pulse mode, positive current 正极 =50-60А, reverse polarity current 反极 20-30А, positive pulse duration τ 正极 =20ms, antipolar pulse duration τ 反极 =10ms, arc voltage U=20V, the amount of argon used as a plasma generating gas is 3l / min, the amount used as a shielding gas is 9l / min, the welding speed is 50m / h, P=1000W, and the focus appears 0.5mm below the surface of the sample.

[0046] Tensile specimens of the two materials are tested for tensile strength σ according to standard cut samples в . The results show that compared with the base metal, the joint strength of АМг3 alloy exceeds 80% of that of the base metal, while that of АМг6 alloy exceeds 90%.

[0047]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-plasma hybrid welding method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a light metal structure material of which the thickness is 1 to 4mm to be served as a to-be-welded workpiece; then combining a laser beam with a plasma arc and integrating into a same welding gun; then, enabling a focused laser beam and the plasma arc to jointly act on a same point and directly act on the to-be-welded workpiece to form a same molten pool; and taking argon gas as plasma generating gas and a welding shielding gas. According to the high-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-plasma hybrid welding method disclosed by the invention, as welding is performed by combining the laser with micro-plasma, and a laser absorption condition can be improved through combined action of the laser and the plasma, absorption efficiency of metal on a heat source is increased, and effective action of a whole process is increased; a welding rate can be effectively increased, and a welding line and a heat affected zone are reduced, therefore strength and impact toughness of a joint are increased, and residual stress of a welded piece is also reduced; moreover, equipment cost is reduced, and meanwhile, stability of plasma discharge can be increased, quality of the welded joint is increased, and quality of the joint is kept stable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material processing engineering, in particular to a high-efficiency and high-quality laser-micro-arc plasma composite welding method that can be used for welding various light metal structural parts such as railway carriage parts, automobile bodies, and rocket shells. Background technique [0002] The plasma welding method is a welding method in which the gas is heated by an arc to generate dissociation, and is compressed when passing through the water-cooled nozzle at high speed, increasing the energy density and degree of dissociation, forming a plasma arc, and using it as a welding heat source. Through the aerodynamic compression effect, the melting ability of the reverse polarity arc in the plasma reverse polarity direct current is improved, and the combustion of the arc between the nozzle and the parts is increased. Under the same conditions, using heteropolar pulse plasma welding can obtain better q...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K26/348B23K26/12B23K26/0622B23K101/18
CPCB23K26/123B23K26/348B23K2101/18
Inventor 弗拉斯基拉夫·哈斯金蔡得涛弗拉基米尔·郭瑞克里夫出·益戈里波罗申科·斯维塔斯拉夫韩善果罗子艺王昕昕
Owner CHINA-UKRAINE INST OF WELDING GUANGDONG ACAD OF SCI
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