Resin cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol aerogel and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses resin crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol type aerogel and a preparation method and application of the resin crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol type aerogel. The resin crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol type aerogel is obtained by blending a synthetic resin precursor solution and aqueous polyvinyl alcohol, subjecting a blend to freeze drying to obtain aerogel and subjecting the aerogel to cross-linking curing. The density of the resin crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol type aerogel is 76-179 Kg / m<3>, limit oxygen index is 23.0-38.5%, peak heat release rate is 48.0-292.1 kW / m<2>, compression modulus is 7.2-37.2 MPa, and water contact angle is 33.1-136.2 degrees. The resin crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol type aerogel prepared from raw materials shows a regular and uniform three-dimensional network structure and better mechanical and flame-retardant properties, avoids negative effects caused by holes due to adding a fire retardant and other substances into the aerogel, solves the problem of water absorption of existing aerogel materials and can be widely applied to the fields of construction insulation, piping insulation, sound insulation and the like owing to excellent inherent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of airgel materials and preparation thereof, and in particular relates to a resin cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol airgel and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] The problem of energy shortage has become a major problem affecting the development of the world today. Energy conservation and consumption reduction are important measures to alleviate energy shortage, which is particularly important to our country. [0003] At present, the domestic market mainly uses foamed concrete, diatomite products, silicate insulation materials, ceramic insulation materials, rubber powder polystyrene particles, expanded polystyrene board (EPS), extruded board (XPS) and polyurethane as insulation materials. . Among them, although organic insulation materials such as EPS, XPS, and polyurethane have the characteristics of low density and good insulation effect, they occupy a dominant positi...

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Problems solved by technology

Although this method is environmentally friendly, relatively cheap, and overcomes some defects in the preparation process of traditional inorganic aerogels and organic aerogels, it still has some problems: first, due to the polymer used in this method They are all water-soluble polymers, and their preparation process is simple physical blending. Undoubtedly, the resulting product will have water absorption problems, which will seriously affect the mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties of the airgel; secondly, the clay itself The mechanical properties are poor, even if it is blended with polymers, the strength of the prepared airgel is still small, and it is difficult to meet the application requirements; third, because the raw materials required for the preparation of this method are still mainly organic matter, its flame retardant performance must be an insurmountable obstacle

However, the ammonium polyphosphate modified by piperazine still significantly destroys the three-dimensional network structure of the airgel, and thus has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of the airgel material.

At the same time, this method does not mention how to solve the problem of water absorption of the material, and the piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate and the organic matter itself have the characteristics of water absorption, so it can be speculated that the airgel material still has water absorption. The problem

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