Preparation and application of palladium-ruthenium bimetallic nanocatalysts in hydrogenation

Abstract

The invention proposes a method for preparing a palladium-ruthenium bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst, which includes the steps of: 1) mixing palladium and ruthenium salts and dissolving them in water; 2) adding the mixed metal salt solution to 0.1-1 mol / L polyethylene In the aqueous solution of pyrrolidone, stir for 0.5-5h at room temperature, where the ratio of the number of moles of PVP to the sum of the number of moles of the two metal salts is 5-40; 3) Put the resulting mixed solution of metal salts and PVP into a microwave reactor , react at 100℃-200℃ for 0.5-3h. The invention also proposes the catalyst prepared by the preparation method and its application. The preparation process of PdRu BMNPs prepared by the present invention is simple and efficient, the raw materials are environmentally friendly and pollution-free, the particles are evenly distributed, and the particle size is 1.0-2.0nm. Compared with previous metal nanoparticle catalysts, due to the introduction of Ru, its cost is greatly reduced, and Stable properties.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, in particular to a catalyst containing palladium and ruthenium, and its preparation and application. Background technique [0002] Metal nanoparticles have small particle size, large specific surface area and high catalytic efficiency, so they are widely used in petrochemical, energy, coatings, biology and environmental protection and other fields. Commonly used hydrogenation catalysts include Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Ir, Os, and Ni, most of which are noble metals. However, it is well known that the reserves of noble metals are very limited, and Pt, Rh, and Pd are expensive. Therefore, how to maintain or even improve the catalytic activity of catalysts while reducing the amount of noble metals has become a future research trend in the field of catalysis. [0003] As early as 1926, Murray Raney had prepared nano-scale Raney Ni (NiAl nano-alloy). Raney Ni was mainly used as a catalyst in the field of catalytic hyd...

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Problems solved by technology

M.H.Tang prepared RuPd alloy nanoparticles by ultrasonic-assisted co-reduction method, and loaded them on carbon tubes doped with nitrogen to obtain RuPd / NC, which was used as a catalyst for catalytic hydrogenation of benzoic acid (BA). The results show that at 85°C and 0.1MPa H2, when the amount of catalyst is 50 mg, the conversion rate of RuPd / NC is 67% for catalytic hydrogenation of 0.5 mmol BA, while the conversion rates of Ru / CN and Pd / CN are respectively 9%, 38%, confirmed that the catalytic activity of RuPd / NC is much higher than Ru / CN, Pd / CN (Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014,136(5):1864-1871.) There is only one study on the application of metal nanoparticles in the catalytic hydrogenation of macromolecules, and Y.Wang used the fourth-generation polypropylene imine (G4-M) as a carrier to load RhRu BMNPs with complex raw materials (Nano-Micro Letters, 2014,6(1):55-62.)

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