Functional gradient aluminum-based composite material with multilevel gradient structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional gradient aluminum-based composite material with a multilevel gradient structure. The functional gradient aluminum-based composite material comprises a wrought aluminum alloy layer and an aluminum-based composite material layer, wherein the aluminum-based composite material layer is used for separating out reinforced aluminum alloy as a matrix, and adopting boron carbide as an enhancement phase. The aluminum-based composite material layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the content of boron carbide in each layer of the aluminum-based composite material layer is different, the content gradient of the boron carbide is increased, and the content of each layer of the boron carbide is lower than 20% of the mass of the corresponding aluminum-based composite material layer. The invention further provides a preparation method of the functional gradient aluminum-based composite material with the multilevel gradient structure. According to the method,an electric field auxiliary sintering technology is adopted, and a voltage sintering method of direct current pulse current is utilized, so that the low-temperature rapid sintering can be realized, fine and uniform tissues can be obtained, the density of a sintered body is high, and the mechanical property is good.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a functionally graded aluminum-based composite material with a multi-level gradient structure and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Aluminum matrix composites have excellent properties such as low density, high specific strength, high elastic modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity, which have aroused the research interest of many scientific researchers and are widely used in aerospace, transportation and electron optics. and other fields. However, in the 21st century with the rapid development of science and technology and economy, the working conditions in the aerospace and automotive industries have become increasingly harsh, and greater requirements have been placed on materials, such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent toughness. The strength and plasticity of traditional h...

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Problems solved by technology

The material prepared by the stirring casting method has low density and has certain casting defects; the squeeze casting method has high requirements for production equipment and molds, but the production cycle is short and the efficiency is high, and the prepared material has a high density; the vacuum pressure infiltration method It has a wide range of applications and a simple process, but it also has high requirements for equipment; the co-spray deposition method has no restrictions on the content and size of reinforcing particles, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of interfacial reactions, but the cost is too high; the powder metallurgy method has high requirements for equipment The amount of reinforcing phase can be changed arbitrarily, but the material prepared by traditional powder metallurgy method has low density and poor performance

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