A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method and application

A nano-composite material and nano-zinc oxide technology, which is applied in the field of nano-composite materials and their preparation, can solve the problems of electrode deformation, dendrite growth, deformation of zinc anode, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-10-30
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, the reason hindering the market application of zinc secondary batteries is that the zinc negative electrode has serious deformation, dendrite growth, and hydrogen evolution corrosion problems during the charge-discharge cycle, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency and short cycle life of the battery.
The fundamental reason for the deformation and dendrite growth of zinc anode is that zinc oxide is easily soluble in alkaline electrolyte to form Zn(OH) 4 2- , in the repeated charging process, Zn(OH) in the electrolyte 4 2- The uneven deposition will cause electrode deformation and dendrite growth, which will reduce the utilization rate of the active material
The fundamental reason for the hydrogen evolution corrosion of the zinc anode is that the zinc ion has a low reduction potential, and the H in the electrolyte + will be preferred over Zn(OH) 4 2- Discharge, especially in the later stage of charging, produces a large amount of H 2 Not only will it reduce the Coulombic efficiency of the battery, but it will also lead to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery and leakage of the electrolyte
The use of carbon-coated zinc oxide has proved to be one of the most effective methods to inhibit or reduce the dissolution of zinc oxide. However, due to the relatively low hydrogen evolution overpotential of carbon materials, it is difficult to effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion. Corrosion will rapidly decay the Coulombic efficiency of the battery

Method used

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  • A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method and application
  • A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method and application
  • A kind of nanocomposite material and its preparation method and application

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0055] (1) Weigh 2g of zinc acetate powder and 120mgBi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O was added to 50ml of ethylene glycol solution, stirred for 1h to fully dissolve the two, and then 1g of glucose was added to the mixed solution as a carbon source to obtain a transparent mixed solution.

[0056] (2) Pour the obtained transparent mixed solution into a hydrothermal kettle, place it in a high-temperature oven and adjust the heating rate to 10°C / min, and after hydroheating at a temperature of 150°C for 3 hours, use water cooling to rapidly reduce it to room temperature.

[0057] (3) Filter and separate the obtained hydrothermal product to obtain a brown precursor powder, then put the precursor into 100ml of ethanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, repeatedly wash and filter three times, and then put the precursor in an oven to dry for 8 hours stand-by.

[0058] (4) Finally, put the obtained precursor powder into an Ar-protected high-temperature resistance furnace, maintain a heating rate of 4°...

Embodiment 2

[0065] (1) Weigh 4g of zinc acetate powder and 250mgIn(NO 3 ) 3 Add it into 70ml of glycerol solution, stir for 1.5h to fully dissolve the two, and then add 1.3g of fructose as a carbon source to the mixed solution to obtain a transparent mixed solution.

[0066] (2) Pour the obtained transparent mixed solution into a hydrothermal kettle, place it in a high-temperature oven and adjust the heating rate to 14°C / min, and after hydroheating at a temperature of 160°C for 5 hours, use water cooling to rapidly reduce it to room temperature.

[0067] (3) Filter and separate the obtained hydrothermal product to obtain brown precursor powder, then put the precursor into 100ml of deionized water and ultrasonic for 15min, wash and filter three times repeatedly, then put the precursor into an oven to dry for 10h stand-by.

[0068] (4) Finally, put the obtained precursor powder into N 2 In a protected high-temperature resistance furnace, maintain a heating rate of 5° C. / min, and calcina...

Embodiment 3

[0076] (1) Weigh 4.5g of zinc acetate powder and 300mg of SnCl in proportion 2 2H 2 O was added to 50ml of ethylene glycol solution, stirred for 2h to fully dissolve the two, and then 2g of soluble starch was added to the mixture as a carbon source to obtain a transparent mixed solution.

[0077] (2) Pour the obtained transparent mixed solution into a hydrothermal kettle, place it in a high-temperature oven and adjust the heating rate to 18°C / min, and after 7 hours of hydroheating at a temperature of 180°C, use water cooling to rapidly reduce it to room temperature.

[0078] (3) Filter and separate the obtained hydrothermal product to obtain a brown precursor powder, then put the precursor into 100ml of methanol and ultrasonicate for 20min, wash and filter three times repeatedly, and then put the precursor into an oven to dry for 10h stand-by.

[0079] (4) Finally, put the obtained precursor powder into a high-temperature resistance furnace protected by He, maintain a heati...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a nanocomposite and a preparation method and an application thereof. The material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% -90% of nano zinc oxide particles with the particle size of 200-600nm, 5%-20% of metal nano particles with the particle size of 10-30nm, and 3%-10% of amorphous carbon, wherein the amorphous carbon coats the nano zinc oxide particles to form an amorphous carbon coating layer with thickness of 10-30nm; and the metal nano particles coat and / or are inlaid and / or run through the amorphous carbon coating layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of adding a first carbon source, and adopting a solvothermal method and a rapid cooling technology in a combination manner to obtain the product. The preparation process is simple, and after the obtained product is assembled into a battery, the specific capacity is as high as 565.6mAh g<-1> at the rate of 1C after 240 cycles, and the coulombic efficiency is up to 85.8%. By virtue of the preparation method, the cycling stability of a zinc negative electrode can be improved, and marketization of a zinc-based secondary battery is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of nanocomposite material and its preparation, in particular to a metal nanocomposite material and its preparation method. [0002] technical background [0003] The development of new low-cost, green, safe and reliable secondary power batteries has become a research hotspot in various countries. Compared with commercialized lithium-ion batteries, aqueous zinc secondary batteries represented by zinc-air and zinc-nickel have the advantages of stable working voltage, high energy density and power density, and no memory effect. Will produce toxic substances, easy to recycle. Moreover, zinc resource reserves are abundant and the cost is relatively low, so zinc secondary batteries have broad market prospects. [0004] At present, the reason hindering the market application of zinc secondary batteries is that the zinc negative electrode has serious deformation, dendrite growth, and hydrogen evolution corrosion problems dur...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/48H01M4/62H01M10/24B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/38H01M4/48H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/24Y02E60/10
Inventor 田忠良赖延清赵泽军辛鑫郭伟昌张凯李劼
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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