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A flame-retardant and anti-overcharge electrolyte additive and electrolyte containing the additive

An electrolyte additive, anti-overcharge technology, applied in organic electrolytes, non-aqueous electrolytes, circuits, etc., to achieve good protection effect, improve oxidation resistance voltage, and small electrochemical performance.

Active Publication Date: 2022-06-17
HEFEI GUOXUAN HIGH TECH POWER ENERGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] At present, there are few types of dual-functional additives with high efficiency flame retardancy and anti-overcharge, and the cycle stability of the reaction intermediate in overcharge protection needs to be further improved. Combustion and overcharge dual-function additives are of great significance to improve the safety of lithium-ion battery electrolyte

Method used

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  • A flame-retardant and anti-overcharge electrolyte additive and electrolyte containing the additive
  • A flame-retardant and anti-overcharge electrolyte additive and electrolyte containing the additive
  • A flame-retardant and anti-overcharge electrolyte additive and electrolyte containing the additive

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] Prepare additive, concrete steps are as follows:

[0033] In the there-necked flask of 2000ml equipped with electric stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer, add organic solvent n-hexane 600g, reactant hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene 600g and 2,4-dimethoxy hydroquinone 300g, And add main catalyst KI6g, deacidifying agent sodium carbonate 15g, reaction temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, reacts for 10 hours, obtains reaction solution after reaction finishes; Reactant solution is filtered to obtain filtrate, and filtrate rectification obtains target product high purity (99.5%) Cyclic triphosphazene p-phenylene ether compound additive, structure as shown in formula (II):

[0034]

[0035] Prepare the electrolyte, the specific steps are as follows:

[0036] In an argon glove box with moisture content ≤ 10ppm, mix ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) according to the mass ratio EC:EMC=3:7 to obtain an organic solvent, and then slowly Add lithium hexafluo...

Embodiment 2

[0041] Prepare formula (II) additive according to the method of embodiment 1; Prepare electrolyte 2 and experimental battery 2 by the method of embodiment 1 equally; Difference is in electrolyte 2, lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic solvent, vinylene sulfate and formula (II) The mass fractions of additives are 13.5%, 75%, 1.5%, and 10%, respectively.

Embodiment 3

[0043] Prepare additive, concrete steps are as follows:

[0044] In a 2000ml three-necked flask equipped with an electric stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a thermometer, add 600g of organic solvent acetonitrile, 600g of reactant hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene and 2,4-bis-methoxymethyleneoxy-p-phenylene Diphenol 300g, and add main catalyst KI 6g, deacidifying agent potassium carbonate 15g, reaction temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, reacts for 10 hours, obtains reaction liquid after reaction finishes; Purity (99.5%) cyclotriphosphazene p-phenylene ether compound additive, the structure is as shown in formula (III):

[0045]

[0046] Using the additive of formula (III), prepare electrolyte 3 and experimental battery 3 according to the method of Example 1; the difference is that in electrolyte 3: the mass fractions of lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic solvent, vinylene carbonate and the additive of formula (III) are respectively 13.5 %, 80%, 1.5%, 5%.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a flame-retardant and overcharge-proof electrolyte additive and an electrolyte containing the additive. The additive is a cyclotriphosphazene-substituted p-phenylene ether compound additive; 0.5- When 10wt% of the electrolyte additive of the present invention is used, the flammability of the electrolyte can be effectively reduced or even non-combustible, and at the same time, when the lithium-ion battery is overcharged to 4.5V or more, the voltage under the overcharge condition can be suppressed from continuously rising through redox shuttle reaction And thermal runaway, so it can effectively improve the safety performance of high specific energy battery systems such as lithium-ion batteries, especially high-nickel ternary material batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, in particular to a flame-retardant and overcharge-proof electrolyte additive and an electrolyte containing the additive. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have significant advantages such as high energy density, low self-discharge rate, wide operating temperature range, long cycle life, and no memory effect. They are widely used in 3C digital, new energy vehicles, energy storage power stations, aerospace and other fields. [0003] Electrolyte is an essential and important part of lithium-ion batteries, which has an important impact on its capacity, internal resistance, cycle, rate, safety and other properties. However, the current commercial electrolytes contain a large amount of carbonate organic solvents Although it can guarantee the high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability required for the normal operation of lithium-ion batteries, it usu...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/4235H01M10/0525H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 梁大宇刘娟娟俞金萍高田慧樊少娟
Owner HEFEI GUOXUAN HIGH TECH POWER ENERGY
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