Separation and recovery method of decommissioned ladder black aluminum explosive

Abstract

The invention discloses a separation and recovery method of a retired TNT-RDX-Al explosive. The separation and recovery principle of the method is characterized in that separation and recovery of allcomponents (TNT, hexogen and aluminum powder) of the TNT-RDX-Al explosive are achieved by a step-by-step separation process according to differences of physical properties mainly comprising melting points and densities. The method comprises the following steps: 1, separating the trinitrotoluene with the lowest melting point in components by adopting a temperature-controlled centrifugation process;and 2, separating the hexogen and the aluminum powder by adopting a density liquid process. The method has the advantages of no chemical reaction in the whole process, high fidelity of each componentattribute, simple process conditions, high separation efficiency, safety, environmental protection and low cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a physical separation technology of decommissioned thermoplastic composite explosives, in particular to a method for separating and recovering the components of ladder black aluminum (TNT-RDX-Al) explosives. Background technique [0002] Weapons and ammunition are important strategic resources for the country's military struggle, and they need to be stored in large quantities. However, due to the change of weapons and the expiration of their service life, the military will store a large number of waste explosives. Due to the inherent combustion, explosive characteristics and toxicity of explosives, it will affect social security and The natural environment brings huge hidden dangers, so waste explosives must be disposed of effectively and safely. Traditional disposal methods, such as deep-sea dumping, open-air burning and deep-earth burial, are simple to operate, but they cannot eliminate the potential danger of explosives, and...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Hyewon Kang et al [Kang H, Kim H, Lee C H, et al. Extraction-based recovery of RDX from obsolete Composition B [J]. Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 2017, 56.] By utilizing the different solubility of TNT and RDX in acetonitrile Extraction of TNT from composition B; Wu Yi et al [Wu Yi, Ding Yukui, Liu Guoqing, et al. Recycling of RDX and aluminum powder in waste ladder black aluminum explosives by solvent extraction [J]. Journal of Explosives, 2014(6): 35 -39.] First use toluene to extract the TNT in Tihei aluminum explosives, then use acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide as solvents respectively to obtain RDX through extraction, cooling and crystallization, and filtration; the advantage of organic solvent extraction method is low temperature and safety Better, but this method has many procedures and complicated operations, requires a large amount of organic solvents and most of them are toxic, which increases the production cost

Morris et al[Morris J B. Separation of RDX from Composition B Via a Supercritical FluidExtraction Process[J]. 1997.] used supercritical carbon dioxide to extract B explosive, and the purity of recovered RDX was above 99%; Wang Baoguo et al. [Wang Baoguo. Waste and old Recovery and Characterization of TNT and RDX in Tihei Aluminum Explosives [A]. Chongqing Municipal People's Government, China Academy of Engineering Physics. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Hazardous Substances and Safety Emergency Technology (Part 2) [C]. Chongqing Municipal People's Government, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 2011:6.] Using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology to separate ladder black aluminum explosives; but supercritical equipment is expensive and not suitable for large-scale production

[Arthur F, Spencer, David F, Hartline. Recovery of secondary explosive from explosive composition: US, 5977354 [P]. 1999-11-2.] used melting method to carry out the mixed explosive containing TNT and nitramine with steam Heating, separated by explosives self-weight through the screen, although the operation method is simple, but the separation efficiency is extremely low; Ding Yukui et al. ]. Energetic Materials, 2014, (04): 548-553.] Improved the method, using water to heat and melt ladder black aluminum explosives, and using the pressure difference brought by water to separate the explosives, the recovery rate of TNT It is 76.2%, the separation efficiency of the improved pressure difference separation method still needs to be improved, and there is a problem of wastewater treatment

Images