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A method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells

A nanofiber and chitin technology, applied in nanotechnology, fiber chemical characteristics, textiles and papermaking, etc., can solve the problems of energy easily destroying the molecular structure of chitin, serious environmental pollution, complicated preparation process, etc., and achieves low equipment requirements. , the effect of low energy consumption and high extraction rate

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-02
NANJING TECH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, most of the raw materials for producing chitin nanofibers start from chitin, and it is necessary to use the acid-base method to extract chitin from shrimp shells, which not only consumes a large amount of acid-base, but also seriously pollutes the environment, and takes a long time to deproteinize. Heating consumes a lot of energy and easily destroys the molecular structure of chitin, which is costly, and further fibrillation of chitin to obtain chitin nanofibers, the entire preparation process is cumbersome and costly

Method used

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  • A method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells
  • A method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] A method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1, washing the collected discarded crayfish shells, removing attachments, drying and grinding into powder with a ball mill, and passing through a 200-mesh sieve;

[0028] Step 2: Weigh 0.2 g of sieved shrimp shell powder and add 4 mL of hexafluoroisopropanol to stir at 1600 rpm for 18 hours, then add 4 mL of hexafluoroisopropanol to dilute, centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 2 min to remove the precipitate, filter out the floating protein. Add water to fully analyze chitin fibers, centrifuge repeatedly, wash and precipitate, and weigh after drying in an oven. Calculate according to the calculation formula: extraction rate = (dry weight of chitin / mass of shrimp shell powder) * 100%, and the extraction rate is 14.59 %, collect the supernatant;

[0029] Step 3: Collect the mixed solution containing strong polar organic reagents in steps 2 and 3 by centrifugatio...

Embodiment 2

[0031] The difference from Example 1 is that 0.4 g of sieved shrimp shell powder was weighed and added to 10 mL of hexafluoroisopropanol and stirred at a rotational speed of 1600 rpm for 18 h. Then add 10 mL of hexafluoroisopropanol to dilute, centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 2 min to remove the precipitate, and filter out the floating protein. Add water to fully analyze chitin fibers, centrifuge repeatedly, wash and precipitate, and weigh after drying in an oven. Calculate according to the calculation formula: extraction rate = (dry weight of chitin / mass of shrimp shell powder) * 100%, and the extraction rate is 15.26 %, the supernatant was collected and distilled to recover hexafluoroisopropanol.

Embodiment 3

[0033] The difference from Example 1 is that 0.6 g of sieved shrimp shell powder was weighed, added to 5 mL of hexafluoroisopropanol and stirred at a rotational speed of 1600 rpm for 18 h. Then add hexafluoroisopropanol to dilute, centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 2 min to remove the precipitate, and filter out the floating protein. Add water to fully analyze chitin fibers, centrifuge repeatedly, wash and precipitate, and weigh after drying in an oven. Calculate according to the calculation formula: extraction rate = (dry weight of chitin / mass of shrimp shell powder) * 100%, and the extraction rate is 12.21 %, the supernatant was collected and distilled to recover hexafluoroisopropanol.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells. The steps of the method are as follows: discarded crayfish shells are sorted, grease and attachments are removed, dried and ground into shrimp shell powder after cleaning; 0.2-1g of shrimp shell powder is weighed, and 4-20 strong polar organic The reagent is stirred and dissolved at room temperature, the stirring speed should not be lower than 1200 rpm, and the stirring time should not be lower than 12 h; after the dissolution is completed, add 4-20mL of strong polar organic reagent to dilute, and filter out the insoluble matter, and collect the filtrated liquid , add 40-400mL water to fully analyze chitin, collect chitin, weigh after drying and calculate the extraction rate; collect the mixed solution containing strong polar organic reagent in the above steps by centrifugation to the solvent recovery device, and heat recovery. The method can effectively extract chitin in shrimp shell powder, the extraction rate can reach 15.26%, the conditions are mild, the operation is simple, and the reagents can be recycled.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a method for preparing chitin nanofibers from discarded crayfish shells. Background technique [0002] Chitin, also known as chitin and chitin, mainly exists in the exoskeleton of shrimp, crab, shellfish and insects, and its content in nature is huge, second only to cellulose. The macromolecular polysaccharide is a polymer formed by linking N-acetylglucosamine monomers with α-1,4 glucosidic bonds. The medical science community regards it as the sixth vital element necessary for the human body after sugar, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals (inorganic salts). Due to its unique molecular structure and physical and chemical properties, as well as good biocompatibility and degradability, it has a wide range of uses in medicine, food, cosmetics, agriculture, environmental protection, and enzyme immobilization carriers. [0003] Crayfish (scientific name: Procambarus clarki...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08B37/08D01F9/00B82Y40/00
CPCB82Y40/00C08B37/0003C08B37/003D01F9/00
Inventor 张阿磊周宁陈杰魏国光王莹莹杨赛陈可泉欧阳平凯
Owner NANJING TECH UNIV