Method for reinforcing aluminum-based composite material by high-strength silicon carbide particles and composite material of method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reinforcing an aluminum-based composite material by high-strength silicon carbide particles and the composite material of the method. The method comprises the following steps of S1, uniformly ball-milling silicon carbide particles with different particle sizes and aluminum powder according to a certain mass ratio; S2, adding an adhesive, emulsion wax and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and performing uniform stirring and sieving for later use; S3, putting a sieved material into a mold, and performing demolding to obtain a silicon carbide aluminum pre-sintered body; and S4, sintering, crushing and ball-milling shaping the pre-sintered body, and performing sieving to obtain silicon carbide aluminum particles and the like. After modifying the silicon carbide particles with small particle size, a silicon carbide aluminum prefabricated form can be manufactured, and then differential-pressure impregnation on molten aluminum is carried out to obtain the high-strength silicon carbide reinforced aluminum composite material. The defects that submicron or nanoscale silicon carbide aluminum (the particle size is smaller than 1 <mu>m) is easy to agglomerate and difficult to impregnate are solved, and the defects in existing pressure casting and stirring casting are overcome.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation, in particular to a method for high-strength silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials and the composite material. Background technique [0002] Silicon carbide aluminum composite materials belong to ceramic reinforced metal matrix composite materials, with aluminum alloy as the matrix and silicon carbide ceramic particles as the reinforcing phase. This composite material has many advantages such as high specific stiffness, high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, and low density. It is widely used in aerospace, high-power electronic components heat dissipation packaging, optical devices, wear-resistant and other fields. [0003] Existing high-volume silicon carbide aluminum composite materials are mostly obtained by pressure casting, that is, silicon carbide particles are used to prepare porous ceramic preforms, and then the aluminu...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Existing high-volume silicon carbide aluminum composite materials are mostly obtained by pressure casting, that is, silicon carbide particles are used to prepare porous ceramic preforms, and then the aluminum alloy solution is infiltrated into silicon carbide ceramics by pressure casting. There is no problem with ordinary-strength silicon-aluminum carbide materials, but it is difficult to prepare ultra-high-strength composite materials, especially when the silicon carbide particle size is less than 5 μm, the silicon carbide particles will move during the sintering or heating process of the prepared ceramic preform Or diffusion, crowding out the reserved channels, so that the liquid aluminum cannot penetrate into the silicon carbide preform, or even if there is a small amount of infiltration on the surface, the performance is far from meeting the requirements

[0004] When the silicon carbide particle size is less than 5 μm, the submicron or nano-scale silicon aluminum carbide is mostly realized by stirring casting. However, this method is prone to particle agglomeration, and the volume fraction of the prepared composite material is generally difficult to exceed 25%. Strength And all aspects of performance are not as good as the products prepared by die casting method