An aluminum melting furnace capable of increasing service life and heat efficiency comprises a shell body and a lining layer covered on the inner wall of the shell body. The furnace is characterized in that work layers in the lining layer, namely the work layers of the furnace bottom, the furnace wall and the furnace top, are integrally cast from castable refractory and constructed; wherein, the furnace top is in a flattopping structure as well as the integral cast structure with hanging anchorage bricks, the furnace wall is in a composite structure belonging to a straight vertical surface structure. Being fully cast, the lining of the aluminum melting furnace has no seam, smooth surface, high integral strength, good air tightness and stable structure in use, and can greatly reduce radiation loss and improve the heat efficiency; with nonoxides used in the lining casting material, the material does not shrink, crack, aluminize, uneasily adhere with slag and is not eroded by aluminum alloy melt with high thermal shock stability in the state of smelting operation. Compared with the service life of a traditional brick structure, the service life is improved more than 3 times.