Vegetable organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetable organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, the preparation method comprises the following steps: air-drying crop straws, crushing into powder, placing the crushed crop straws in a steam environment with a temperature of 80-100 DEG C, carrying out a heat and humidity treatment for 10-15 min, carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment on the crop straws subjected to damp-heat treatment for 10-20 minutes, adding a liquid organic fertilizer rich in trace elements, heating to 60-85 DEG C, reacting for 30-60 minutes, cooling to room temperature, drying to obtain pretreated crop straw powder, preparing an organic fertilizer base fertilizer, crushing, and uniformly mixing with the pretreated crop straw powder to obtain a mixed fertilizer; using a mixture of an organic fertilizer base fertilizer and pretreated crop straw powder as a core material to be coated with a capsule wall material, and preparing the capsule type vegetable organic fertilizer. The straw is pretreated, so that the absorption and slow release performance of the straw on the fertilizer and moisture is improved, and the trace element liquid fertilizer can be better loaded on the straw and can be released for a longer time.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a vegetable organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Vegetables are an indispensable non-staple food in people's daily life. During the decomposition process, organic fertilizers will release the nutrients contained in them continuously through mineralization to meet the needs of vegetable growth and development, and provide various mineral nutrients and nutrients needed by vegetables. Organic nutrients not only improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, but also help the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve soil physical properties, and can provide organic carbon sources, which can promote the activities of soil microorganisms. [0003] Vegetables are rich in vitamins. Different vegetables have different sensitivities to trace elements in different growth stages. Green leafy vegetables, such as...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The raw materials of organic fertilizers are generally obtained by composting and fermenting crop stalks or farmyard manure. Conventional organic fertilizers are generally applied directly to vegetable planting fields. Often, the fertility in the early stage is sufficient and the fertility is lacking in the later stage. It can only be supplemented by topdressing. The fertilizer needed for later growth, so the emergence of slow-release fertilizer can store organic fertilizer, release slowly, and improve the effective utilization rate of organic fertilizer; since the main components of straw are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, it has a large proportion Surface area, there are many hydrophilic hydroxyl groups on the molecular chain, so it has a certain adsorption capacity, which greatly improves the absorption and slow-release performance of fertilizers. The waxy film affects the absorption and slow release of fertilizers and water. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the wettability of the straw surface and increase its reactivity, so that the trace element liquid fertilizer can be better loaded on the straw and released slowly in the later stage.

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