Uniform wind resistance penetration type drying device for non-compact materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a uniform wind resistance penetration type drying device for non-compact materials. More than two material frames are arranged in the device, ventilation screens are arranged in the thickness direction of the material frames, the material frames are installed in a three-dimensional mode, the materials are installed into thin layers with uniform thickness by the material frames, and a fan with small power and large air volume is used for driving dry air to penetrate through the materials in the thickness direction of the material frames to dehydrate and dry the materials. The dehydration and drying capacity of the dry natural air can be fully utilized, and the device can be matched with various heat sources to efficiently dry the materials. The drying device can be widely used for drying various granular, branch-strip-shaped and sheet-shaped industrial and agricultural materials with gaps, and particularly drying grains and agricultural and sideline products. The device has the advantages of being small in occupied area, energy-saving, flexible, free of pollution, low in cost and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a dehydration and drying device for materials, in particular to a uniform wind resistance penetrating drying device for non-dense materials. Scope of application: various non-dense, non-liquid, non-powder materials with certain gaps between each other and certain rigid materials, including granular fruits and grains of various plants such as rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, Millet, rapeseed, peanut, longan, Chinese prickly ash, various nuts, etc., as well as various branch-like materials such as grass, straw, star anise, small fish and shrimp, etc., as well as granular industrial and agricultural raw materials such as plastic particles, granules Feed, shiitake mushrooms, etc. Background technique [0002] There is a huge and urgent market demand for the dehydration and drying of various non-dense materials, especially grain. Grain is a typical non-dense material, and there are gaps between grain particles. But now the dehydratio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The traditional drying method of grain dehydration and drying has the following major limitations and defects: 1. There is an extreme shortage of drying sites. Farmers often occupy roads and other grounds for drying. On the one hand, it increases traffic accidents and causes casualties. Unfavorable effects of grain crushing, pollution from asphalt and vehicle exhaust, mixing of sand and gravel impurities, etc.

2. The way of drying is severely restricted by the weather conditions. During the harvest period of grain maturity, it often encounters rainy weather or low temperature weather for many consecutive days, which makes it impossible to dry, resulting in a large amount of mold and germination of grain and other losses.

3. There are high labor costs and high labor intensity in drying grain. The drying time of wheat and rice generally takes 2-4 days. Because the grains of corn are larger than wheat and rice and the water content is higher, it takes 3-6 days to dry.

4. Exposure to the sun, the temperature of the grain directly exposed to the sun is too high, the bursting rate of the rice is high, which reduces the germination rate and quality of the grain

However, the existing grain drying equipment still has insurmountable defects in the specific use process: 1. The radiation range of a set of grain dryer with a conventional daily drying capacity of tens of tons is limited, and the cost of long-distance transportation of grain is too high

2. The batch drying tonnage of the dryer is usually more than 15 tons. Generally, the grain produced by small farmers is not enough for a batch (one warehouse), and the grains of multiple farmers need to be mixed together for drying, but each grain The varieties, moisture and quality are different, so it is difficult to uniformly control the operation

3. The purchase cost of a small 25-ton grain dryer is about 300,000 yuan, about 200,000 yuan after deducting subsidies, plus supporting workshops, transformers, supporting equipment, ground hardening, etc., a total of about 400,000-600,000 yuan. It is only used for 30-50 days a year, and the return on investment is low, which is unaffordable for ordinary farmers and businesses

4. It is difficult to obtain approval for the land required by the grain dryer, such as the high price of industrial land and tight land use indicators; if the use of wasteland, power supply and road construction are problems

5. The grain dryer has high technical requirements for the operators. If the operation is not done properly, the grain will be damaged, and there are often incidents of grain being baked.

6. Grain dryers generally use hot air to dry. The temperature of the hot air outlet is above 90°C, and the temperature of the grain is above 50°C. High temperature will significantly reduce the quality of protein and starch inside the grain.

The combination of the two will reduce the actual harvest of winter wheat by 8%-10%, and the quality of wheat will decline

In order to make the winter wheat dry as much as possible in the wheat field, harvesting the winter wheat after the mature period will delay the sowing of summer corn by 5-7 days, resulting in a reduction of summer corn yield by about 10%.

[0006] Under the current grain drying conditions, during the period of continuous rainy days and the grain cannot be dried, grain vendors will take the opportunity to suppress the purchase price and buy farmers' grain at about half of the usual price, which seriously damages the interests of small farmers and their enthusiasm for growing grain.

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