Photovoltaic module separation and recovery method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module separation and recovery method. The photovoltaic module separation and recovery method comprises the following steps that A1, an aluminum frame and a junction box of a photovoltaic module are removed; A2, a back plate is subjected to friction, and obtained back plate particles are collected and recovered; A3, the photovoltaic module of which the back plate is removed after friction is placed on an operation platform, heating is carried out to soften EVA, and then a battery piece layer is separated from glass; A4, high-temperature calcination is carried out on the separated battery piece layer, and a silicon battery piece is recovered after calcination; and A5, the EVA remained on the surface of the separated glass is removed, and fallen EVA particles are collected, wherein in the step A3, the heating temperature ranges from 80 DEG C to 200 DEG C. According to the photovoltaic module separation and recovery method, a method of softening the EVA and then removing the EVA by a scraper knife is adopted to separate the battery piece layer from the glass, and the subsequent high-temperature heat treatment only aims at the battery piece layer, so that the energy consumption in the whole photovoltaic module recovery process is obviously reduced, the EVA remained on the module is obviously reduced, and the separation degree is greatly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling of photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to a method for separating and recycling photovoltaic modules. Background technique [0002] Due to the power attenuation and environmental damage of photovoltaic modules, the life expectancy of photovoltaic modules is generally about 25 years. Corresponding to the time when my country actually installed photovoltaics in the early stage, from 2020, the amount of scrapped photovoltaic modules will gradually increase. After 5 years, it will enter a period of intensive scrapping of photovoltaic modules, and in 10 years it will reach the peak of photovoltaic scrapped; the recycling of photovoltaic modules is urgent It needs to be carried out in a reasonable and efficient way, so that the recovery rate and reuse rate of various materials in scrap components can reach a high level, and the energy consumption of the recovery process should also be low, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The organic solvent method and the chemical dissolution method have the problems of large solvent consumption and complicated post-processing; the physical method adopts the method of crushing and sorting photovoltaic modules, and it is difficult to separate the backplane and the cell layer, and the separation rate is low; the heat treatment method is in High-temperature pyrolysis of the components at 500°C, the components are completely separated but consumes a lot of energy, and the pyrolysis of the backplane will produce toxic gases containing fluorine

[0004] For example, the patent document CN108262332A describes a pollution-free recycling method for photovoltaic modules, which uses steel wires or blades to separate the backplane and packaging materials. During the implementation process, the backplane is easily scratched and broken by the steel wire of the blade, and the separation efficiency is low; A very small amount of EVA remains on the glass layer, but the whole glass is still calcined at high temperature, which consumes a lot of energy