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Fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, and preparation method and application thereof

A silicon composite material, carbon coating technology, applied in carbon preparation/purification, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, silicon, etc., can solve problems such as electrode failure, achieve low residual carbon rate, and achieve commercialization , the effect of good stability

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-19
HEFEI UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the huge volume change of silicon as the anode material of lithium-ion batteries during charge and discharge will lead to rapid failure of the electrode.

Method used

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  • Fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] A method for preparing a fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, the specific steps are as follows:

[0034] 100 mg of polyacrylic acid and 66.7 mg of sorbitol were dissolved in a mixed solution consisting of 5 mL of water and 15 mL of ethanol. Add 200mg of silicon particles with a particle size of 100nm to the above solution, then stir for 5min and sonicate for 30min, then place in a water bath at 80°C to remove the solvent. After removing the solvent, the material was ground for 10 min and placed in an inert atmosphere, heated to 150 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and maintained for 4 h, then removed and ground for 15 min after the temperature dropped to <50 °C. Take 60mg of ground powder and disperse it in 10mL of ethanol, then add 100mg of phenolic resin. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes and then ultrasonicated for 10 minutes, and then placed in a water bath at 80° C. to evaporate ethanol. The material after removal of ethanol was ground for 10 min...

Embodiment 2

[0038] A method for preparing a silicon-carbon hollow core-shell structure composite material, the specific steps are as follows:

[0039] 200 mg of polyacrylic acid and 133.3 mg of sorbitol were dissolved in a mixed solution consisting of 5 mL of water and 15 mL of ethanol. Add 200mg of silicon particles with a particle size of 100nm to the above solution, then stir for 5min and sonicate for 30min, then place in a water bath at 80°C to remove the solvent. After removing the solvent, the material was ground for 10 min and placed in an inert atmosphere, heated to 200 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and maintained for 3 h, then removed and ground for 15 min after the temperature dropped to <50 °C. Take 60mg of ground powder and disperse it in 10mL of ethanol, then add 100mg of phenolic resin. The mixture was stirred for 5 min and then ultrasonicated for 10 min, and spread on a polyethylene film at 50°C to evaporate ethanol. Since polyethylene will completely decompose at abou...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that firstly, silicon nanoparticles, polyacrylic acid and sorbitol are dispersed in a solvent, and then the silicon nanoparticles are coated with a polymer composed of a polyacrylic acid and sorbitol mixture through a solvent evaporation method, and are placed in an inert atmosphere at a certain temperature to esterify polyacrylic acid and sorbitol into bonds, wherein the esterified polymer has the characteristic of being insoluble in solvents such as water or ethanol and the like, and the residual carbon rate is low (10.7 wt%); the silicon nanoparticles are dispersed in a proper solvent to be conveniently and continuously coated with a layer of organic matter with high residual carbon, so as to make a layer of polymer coats the surfaces of the silicon nanoparticles; and finally, in the carbonization process, the inner-layer polymer is decomposed to generate gas, so as to make the outer-layer polymer form carbon with a fluffy structure. The fluffy carbon shell is beneficial to relieving the volume effect generated in the charging and discharging process when silicon serves as the lithium ion battery negative electrode material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium-ion battery materials, in particular to a fluffy carbon-coated silicon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Energy is crucial to the survival and development of human beings, but the fossil energy reserves that human beings rely on at present are limited and seriously polluted. In this regard, it is particularly important to develop clean energy such as wind energy and solar energy and supporting high-performance energy storage and conversion devices. Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, no memory effect, small self-discharge, and low pollution. They are widely used in automobiles, electric power, railways, communications, and national defense. At present, commercial lithium-ion batteries mainly use graphite as the negative electrode material, but its theoretical specific capacity of only 372mAh / g is...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/62H01M4/38H01M10/0525C01B33/02C01B32/05B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCH01M4/625H01M4/386H01M10/0525C01B33/02C01B32/05B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01P2002/72C01P2004/04C01P2004/61C01P2004/62Y02E60/10
Inventor 张勇陈鑫洪吴玉程崔接武王岩秦永强舒霞
Owner HEFEI UNIV OF TECH
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