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Method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramic through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash

A technology of porous ceramics and aluminum ash slag, which is used in the production of ceramic products, ceramic materials, clay products, etc., can solve the problems of land resource occupation, groundwater pollution, increase production cycle, energy consumption and cost, etc., and achieve low shrinkage rate. , low cost, and the effect of solving pollution and harm problems

Active Publication Date: 2021-12-03
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In 2019, the annual output of aluminum ash in my country reached 3.19 million tons. The treatment of aluminum ash slag is mainly stockpiling, landfill and resource utilization. In particular, more than 95% of secondary aluminum ash slag is landfilled or stockpiled. In addition, aluminum ash contains F - , Cl - and toxic metal ions such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Ba, As, etc. The traditional stockpiling or landfill methods not only cause waste of resources, but also cause land resource occupation, groundwater pollution and environmental hazards. In addition, secondary aluminum ash slag AlN is prone to hydrolysis reaction to generate toxic or flammable gas (NH 3 、CH 4 、PH 3 、H 2 etc.) cause air pollution and seriously threaten life and health
However, in this invention, the metal aluminum and aluminum nitride components of the aluminum ash slag have been removed, and the pore-forming and forming methods rely on the organic foam impregnation process. Increase production cycle, energy consumption and cost

Method used

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  • Method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramic through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash
  • Method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramic through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash
  • Method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramic through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0031]A method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramics by high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash slag, the method comprising: dry-milling aluminum ash slag for 24 hours with a planetary ball mill, and transferring the ball-milled aluminum ash slag to an oven. The temperature of the oven was set at 60° C., and dried at this temperature for 24 hours, and then sieved through a 115-mesh sieve after drying. The sieved aluminum ash powder is uniformly sprayed with a polyvinyl rolidone solution with a concentration of 10.00wt.% for spray granulation, and the added amount of the solution accounts for 1.00wt.% of the total mass of the powder. The uniformly mixed powder was dry-pressed at 10MPa with a dry-press molding machine, the holding time was 1min, and then demoulded. The demoulded green body was sintered at 1500°C for 2 hours, and the heating rate was set at 2°C / min to make porous ceramics with a porosity of 40%, a shrinkage rate of 2%, and a bending strength of 78MPa....

Embodiment 2

[0034] A method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramics through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash slag, the method comprising: using a planetary ball mill to wet-mill the aluminum ash slag with alcohol for 15 hours, and transferring the ball-milled aluminum ash slag to an oven. The temperature of the oven was set at 75° C., and dried at this temperature for 30 hours, and then sieved through a 240-mesh sieve after drying. The sieved aluminum ash powder is uniformly sprayed with polyethylene glycol with a concentration of 1.00wt.%, and the added amount of the solution accounts for 1.25wt.% of the total mass of the powder. The uniformly mixed powder was dry-pressed at 8 MPa with a dry-press molding machine for 10 minutes under pressure, and then demolded. The demoulded green body was sintered at 1350°C for 0.5h, and the heating rate was set at 8°C / min to make porous ceramics, with a porosity of 78%, a shrinkage rate of -9%, and a bending strength of 1.8MPa.

Embodiment 3

[0036] A method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramics by high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash slag, the method comprising: using a planetary ball mill to wet-grind aluminum ash slag for 0.5 hours with alcohol, and transferring the ball-milled aluminum ash slag to an oven. The temperature of the oven was set at 35° C., dried at this temperature for 72 hours, and then sieved through a sieve with a pore size of 240 mesh. The sieved aluminum ash powder is evenly sprayed with a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 5.00wt.% for spray granulation, and the amount of the solution added accounts for 2.00wt.% of the total mass of the powder. The uniformly mixed powder was dry-pressed with a dry-press molding machine at 20 MPa for a holding time of 20 minutes, and then demoulded. The demoulded green body was sintered at 1200°C for 24 hours, and the heating rate was set at 20°C / min to make porous ceramics, with a porosity of 70%, a shrinkage rate of -10%, and a...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources, and discloses a method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramics through high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash residues. Secondary aluminum ash residues obtained after aluminum extraction are used as main raw materials, and the aluminum ash residues do not need to be subjected to desalting and denitrifying treatment; and the secondary aluminum ash is subjected to spray granulation, dry pressing forming and high-temperature sintering, and finally the low-shrinkage porous ceramic material is obtained. According to the method, the technological process is simple and easy to implement, the complex desalting and denitrifying process is omitted, the high-temperature self-foaming process is achieved by fully utilizing the component characteristics of the secondary aluminum ash residues, then a porous structure is obtained, harmless treatment of the secondary aluminum ash residues and resource utilization of solid waste can be achieved, and the prepared porous ceramic material has the characteristics of low shrinkage, high strength, excellent heat insulation performance and the like, and can be applied to the fields of thermal insulation materials and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste green disposal and resource utilization, and specifically relates to a method for preparing low-shrinkage porous ceramics by high-temperature self-foaming of aluminum ash slag, and the prepared low-shrinkage porous ceramics can be used as heat insulation materials for hot blast stove bricks and protective tubes and other fields. Background technique [0002] Aluminum ash is a solid waste produced by molten salt electrolysis, casting processing and recycling in the production process of metal aluminum or aluminum alloy. In the "National Hazardous Waste List" released in 2021, the aluminum ash generated during the processing of recycled aluminum and aluminum materials and the secondary aluminum ash generated during the aluminum recycling process are listed as hazardous solid waste (HW48). Aluminum ash slag can be divided into primary aluminum ash slag and secondary aluminum ash slag according t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B38/00C04B33/138C04B35/64
CPCC04B38/0025C04B33/138C04B35/64Y02P40/60
Inventor 张笑妍张深根李雯昊
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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