Linear chemoselective carbosilane polymers and methods for use in analytical and purification applications

Abstract

This invention relates generally to a new class of chemoselective polymer materials. In particular, the invention relates to linear polycarbosilane compounds for use in various analytical applications involving sorbent polymer materials, including chromatoghraphy, chemical trapping, analyte collection, and chemical sensor applications. These polymers have pendant and terminal aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups that are functionalized with halogen substituted alcohol or phenol groups, having the general structure: wherein n is an integer greater than 1; wherein at least one of R1 and R2 is a linear or branched arm having at least one group independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and aryl groups, or combinations thereof, and having at least one halogen substituted alcohol or phenol groups attached thereto; wherein any said R1 and R2 aryl groups are attached to said [Si—X-]n either directly or through a short hydrocarbon chain; wherein any remaining said R1 or R2 group is a hydrocarbon or carbosilane group; wherein X is a polymer component selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene groups, and combinations thereof; and wherein Z1 and Z2 are end groups independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkyl silanes, aryl silanes, hydroxyl, silicon hydride, alkoxides, phenols, halogen substituted alcohols, halogen substituted phenols, organosilyl, and combinations thereof. These polymeric materials are primarily designed to sorb hydrogen bond basic analytes such as organophosphonate esters (nerve agents and precursors) and nitro-substituted compounds (explosives).

Description

[0001] This is a continuation-in-part application of copending application Ser. No. 09 / 895,292 filed on Jul. 2, 2001, which claimed the benefit of a provisional application, U.S. Ser. No. 60 / 215,070 filed on Jun. 30, 2000. The entire contents of application Ser. No. 09 / 895,292 are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] This invention relates generally to a new class of chemoselective polymer materials. In particular, the invention relates to linear and branched polycarbosilane compounds for use in various analytical applications involving sorbent polymer materials, including chromatography, chemical trapping, and chemical sensor applications. These polymeric materials are primarily designed to sorb hydrogen bond basic analytes such as organophosphonate esters (nerve agents and precursors), and nitroaromatics (explosives). [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] The use of sorbent chemoselective polymers for chroma...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes the creation of new polymer materials that can be used for chemical sensors, chromatography, dosimeters, and air filters. These materials have specific groups attached to them that can bind to certain molecules, making them useful for detecting and collecting specific analytes. The patent also describes a method for detecting these analytes using the new polymer materials. Overall, this patent provides a way to create highly selective materials for various chemical applications.

Problems solved by technology

Of the few polymers that are commercially available (e.g., polyvinylalcohol, polyphenol, and fomblin zdol), either the physical properties are not ideal with glass transition temperatures above room temperature, the hydrogen bond acidity is relatively weak, or the density of functional groups is low.

However, both the parent polymers and the HFIP-containing materials were glassy or crystalline at room temperature.

Because vapor diffusion may be retarded in glassy or crystalline materials, the sensors produced were slow to respond and recover.

However, physical properties were not quantified.

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