Carbon-based material, electrode catalyst, oxygen reduction electrode catalyst, gas diffusion electrode, aqueous solution electrolysis device, and method of preparing carbon-based material

a carbon-based material and catalyst technology, applied in the field of carbon-based materials, can solve the problems of rare and expensive platinum, unstable cost of platinum, and low cost, and achieve the effect of promoting oxygen reduction reaction and excellent catalyst performan

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-12-04
PANASONIC CORP +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014]According to the present invention, obtained can be a carbon-based material with excellent performance as a catalyst, in particular, as a catalyst for promoting an oxygen reduction reaction.

Problems solved by technology

However, platinum is rare and expensive, and the cost thereof is unstable.
Therefore, using platinum poses problems in view of saving natural resources, ensuring availability, lowering the cost, and the like.

Method used

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  • Carbon-based material, electrode catalyst, oxygen reduction electrode catalyst, gas diffusion electrode, aqueous solution electrolysis device, and method of preparing carbon-based material
  • Carbon-based material, electrode catalyst, oxygen reduction electrode catalyst, gas diffusion electrode, aqueous solution electrolysis device, and method of preparing carbon-based material
  • Carbon-based material, electrode catalyst, oxygen reduction electrode catalyst, gas diffusion electrode, aqueous solution electrolysis device, and method of preparing carbon-based material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0134]In a reactor, 3 g of graphite (Wako 40 mm), 138 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, and 3.47 g of potassium nitrate were mixed to prepare a mixture liquid. Potassium permanganate was further added slowly thereto, with the reactor being in an ice bath. Subsequently, thus-obtained mixture liquid was stirred at 40° C. for 30 min, and then 240 mL of ion-exchanged water was added thereto, followed by stirring and heating at 90° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, into the reactor, 600 mL of ion-exchanged water and 18 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution were added to finish the reaction. Then, the resultant mixture liquid was washed with hydrochloric acid and water, followed by removing ions therefrom by dialysis. Furthermore, ultrasonic was applied to the resulting mixture liquid to make graphene oxide separated.

[0135]Thus-obtained graphene oxide was dried. Then, into 200 mg of the dried graphene oxide, an aqueous solution of 0.1 M iron chloride (III) and an ethanol solution of 0.15 M pentae...

examples 2 and 3

[0137]In Examples 2, the amount of an aqueous solution of 0.1 M iron chloride (III) was adjusted so that a percentage of Fe atoms to graphene was 17 mass %. In Examples 3, the amount of an aqueous solution of 0.1 M iron chloride (III) was adjusted so that a percentage of Fe atoms to graphene was 30 mass %. Except for these, the carbon-based materials according to Examples 2 and 3 were prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as those of Example 1.

referential example 1

[0140]In Referential Example 1, the heating time was two hours in the step of heating the sample which contains graphene oxide, iron chloride (III), and pentaethylenehexamine. Except for this, the carbon-based material according to Referential Example 1 was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as those of Example 2.

[0141][Raman Spectroscopy]

[0142]Graphite (Wako 40 mm), graphene oxide made of this graphite in the aforementioned manner, and the carbon-based materials obtained in Example 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. FIG. 3 shows thus-obtained Raman spectra. “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, and “E” in FIG. 3 indicate the Raman spectra of the graphite, the graphene oxide, and the carbon-based materials obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively.

[0143]As shown in FIG. 3, the results confirm that each of the Raman spectra has a G-band peak (the right peak) derived from C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond and a D-band peak (the left p...

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Abstract

A carbon-based material in accordance with the present invention includes graphene doped with metal atoms and at least one type of non-metal atoms selected from a group consisting of nitrogen atoms, boron atoms, sulfur atoms, and phosphorus atoms. A diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement of the carbon-based material by use of CuKα radiation showing that a proportion of the highest of intensities of peaks derived from an inactive metal compound and a metal crystal to an intensity of a (002) peak is 0.1 or less.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]The present invention relates to: carbon-based materials suitable for use as catalysts; electrode catalysts and oxygen reduction electrode catalysts each including the carbon-based material; gas diffusion electrodes which include at least one of the electrode catalyst and the oxygen reduction electrode catalyst; and methods of preparing the carbon-based material.BACKGROUND ART[0002]The following oxygen reduction reaction is a cathode reaction in a H2 / O2 fuel cell, brine electrolysis, and the like, and plays an important role in an electrochemical energy conversion device and the like.O2+4H++4e−→2H2O[0003]Usually, platinum is used as a catalyst widely in various devices to make the oxygen reduction reaction proceed.[0004]However, platinum is rare and expensive, and the cost thereof is unstable. Therefore, using platinum poses problems in view of saving natural resources, ensuring availability, lowering the cost, and the like.[0005]In the past, a catalyst formed o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C25B11/12C25B1/00
CPCC25B1/00C25B11/12B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B2204/20C01P2002/70C25B1/46C25B11/03C01B32/05C01B32/182C01B32/194C25B11/043H01M4/96Y02E60/50
Inventor NAKANISHI, SHUJIKAMAI, RYOSUZUKI, YUYAHASHIMOTO, KAZUHITOKAMIYA, KAZUHIDE
Owner PANASONIC CORP
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