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45 results about "Electrocardiogram measures" patented technology

An electrocardiogram — abbreviated as EKG or ECG — is a test that measures the electrical activity of the heartbeat. With each beat, an electrical impulse (or “wave”) travels through the heart.

Electrocardiogram wave segmentation using machine learning

A method includes classifying, using a machine learning model, a portion of an electrocardiogram measurement as an artifact. The method further includes normalizing the electrocardiogram measurement except the portion of the electrocardiogram measurement classified as the artifact. The method further includes applying the machine learning model to the normalized electrocardiogram measurement to detect a cardiac event.
Owner:BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CARDIAC DIAGNOSTICS INC

Physical activity monitoring system

A wearable device for monitoring physical activity of a user, the wearable device being reversibly attachable to a chest strap and an arm strap. The wearable device comprises an ECG sensor arranged to collect ECG measurements of the user only when the wearable device is attached to the user's chest by the chest strap, and a PPG sensor arranged to collect PPG measurements of the user when the wearable device is attached to the user's arm or wrist by the arm strap. The wearable device also comprises control circuitry arranged to switch the wearable device between an ECG only mode and a PPG only mode. In the ECG only mode, the control circuitry is configured to control the ECG sensor to collect ECG measurements but prevent the PPG sensor from initiating PPG measurements. In the PPG only mode, the control circuitry is configured to control the PPG sensor to initiate PPG measurements but prevent the ECG sensor from collecting ECG measurements.
Owner:MYZONE

Smart ring device for electrocardiography

The present invention relates to a smart ring device for electrocardiography. The smart ring device comprises: a first electrode which is in contact with a finger of a user while worn on the finger; an insulating spacer surrounding the first electrode; a circuit board which is disposed outside the insulating spacer and connected to the first electrode; an arc-shaped insulating cover covering the circuit board; a second electrode which is exposed to the outside of the insulating cover while connected to the circuit board and can come into contact with the body of the user; a third electrode which is coupled to the outside of the insulating spacer and connected to the circuit board, and can come into contact with the body; and a signal processing unit which is mounted on the circuit board and processes biosignals transmitted from the first, second, and third electrodes. The smart ring device for electrocardiography of the present invention having the above configuration is in the form of a ring and thus very convenient to carry, and in particular, can simultaneously collect electrical signals from three different parts of the body through the three electrodes, and thus is able to obtain more accurate electrocardiography data.
Owner:SKY LABS INC

A non-contact method for measuring human electrocardiogram using millimeter-wave radar

PendingCN122271989AHelps restore electrocardiogram waveformImprove stabilityHuman bodySystole
This invention discloses a non-contact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement method using millimeter-wave radar. First, the original chest wall displacement signal acquired by the millimeter-wave radar is preprocessed to obtain a displacement feature branch input. Then, the original displacement signal undergoes cardiac sound band enhancement, wavelet denoising, and envelope extraction to obtain radar cardiac sound features. A hidden semi-Markov model is constructed to model the states of the first heart sound, systole, second heart sound, and diastole in the cardiac cycle, obtaining the posterior probability of the state at each time point. Next, the displacement features, radar cardiac sound features, and state probability features are input into a multi-branch convolutional fusion network, combined with a bidirectional long short-term memory network to achieve temporal correlation modeling, finally outputting the reconstructed human ECG result. This invention achieves non-contact ECG measurement without skin electrode contact by fusing the original mechanical displacement of the chest wall, the mechanical vibration features of the heart sounds, and the explicit state prior information of the cardiac cycle.
Owner:NANTONG UNIV

Method for measuring pre-ejection period

A solution for estimating a cardiac pre-ejection period is disclosed. According to an aspect, a method includes: measuring, from a user by using a plurality of cardiac sensor devices, electrocardiogram measurement data, a first set of cardiac measurement data measured at a first location of the user's body a first distance from the user's heart, and a second set of cardiac measurement data measured at a second location of the user's body a second distance from the heart, the second distance different from the first distance, wherein the electrocardiogram measurement data is clock-synchronized with the first set of cardiac measurement data and second set of cardiac measurement data; determining, in the electrocardiogram measurement data, a first set of time instants associated with electric heart activations; determining, in the first set of cardiac measurement data, a second set of time instants associated with detections of blood pulses at the first location, the blood pulses resulting from the electric heart activations; determining, in the second set of cardiac measurement data, a third set of time instants associated with detections of the blood pulses at the second location; forming a set of scatter points on the basis of at least the second set of time instants and the third set of time instants and performing a fitting for the scatter points; and computing the cardiac pre-ejection period from at least one parameter describing the fitting.
Owner:POLAR ELECTRO

Electrocardiographic measurement device and electrocardiographic measurement method

PendingJP2026010597ASensorsDiagnostic recording/measuringConvertersElectrocardiogram measures
To provide an electrocardiographic measuring device capable of sufficiently amplifying an electrocardiographic signal, reducing power consumption, and being miniaturized regardless of a material such as stainless steel in which the magnitude and variation of electrode static potential cannot be ignored.SOLUTION: An electrode group including a plurality of electrodes in contact with the skin of a person to be measured; a high-pass filter group including a plurality of high-pass filters to which potential signals output from the electrodes included in the electrode group are respectively input; and, An electrocardiographic measurement device comprising: a multiplexer that selects and outputs a processed signal output from a set of any two high-pass filters included in a high-pass filter group; an amplifier that differentially amplifies the processed signal output from the multiplexer; an AD converter that performs analog-to-digital conversion on an amplified signal output from the amplifier; and a storage unit that stores a converted signal output from the AD converter in time series.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Owner:OMRON HEALTHCARE CO LTD

Electrocardiogram measurement device

The invention provides an electrocardiogram measuring device, which comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively configured to be in contact with a human body part so as to respectively receive two electrocardiogram voltages; two amplifiers configured to receive the two electrocardiogram voltages, respectively, from the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively; an electrode driver configured to output a driving voltage; the third electrode is configured to transmit the electrocardiogram voltage of the human body part in contact with the third electrode to the input end of the electrode driver; wherein the two amplifiers receive and amplify an electrocardiogram voltage respectively and simultaneously, and the three electrodes are in contact with the right hand, the left hand and the left leg respectively, so that six electrocardiogram lead signals can be obtained according to the device provided by the invention.
Owner:SIX CONFIRMATIONS LTD

Electrocardiogram measurement apparatus

The present invention relates to an electrocardiogram measurement apparatus (measurement sensor) which can be used in combination with a smartphone by an individual. The electrocardiogram measurement apparatus according to the present invention comprises: two amplifiers for receiving electrocardiogram signals from a first electrode and a second electrode; one electrode driving unit; a third electrode for receiving an output of the electrode driving unit; an A / D converter connected to an output terminal of each of the two amplifiers and converting analog signals into digital signals; a microcontroller for receiving the digital signals from the A / D converter; and a communication means for transmitting the digital signal, wherein: the microcontroller is supplied with power from a battery; the microcontroller controls the A / D converter and the communication means; and each of the two amplifiers amplifies one electrocardiogram signal so as to simultaneously measure two electrocardiogram signals.
Owner:HEXACHECK INC

Electrocardiogram measurement system comprising patch-type electrocardiogram measurement apparatus

ActiveUS12507935B2SensorsTelemetric patient monitoringTime informationElectrocardiogram measures
An electrocardiogram measurement system includes a patch-type electrocardiogram measurement apparatus, a first device connected to the electrocardiogram measurement apparatus by means of a first communication and configured to store electrocardiogram data measured by the electrocardiogram measurement apparatus, and a second device connected to the electrocardiogram measurement apparatus by means of the first communication and configured to store electrocardiogram data measured by the electrocardiogram measurement apparatus. The electrocardiogram data measured by the electrocardiogram measurement apparatus include measured time information. Other embodiments are disclosed.
Owner:ATSENS CO LTD

Method, apparatus, and program for identifying state of user on basis of abnormal electrocardiogram signal

The present disclosure provides a method, an apparatus, and a program for identifying a state of a user on the basis of an abnormal electrocardiogram signal. The method for identifying a state of a user on the basis of an abnormal electrocardiogram signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: obtaining first lead electrocardiogram data for a user on the basis of a first measurement method of a single lead electrocardiogram measurement device; determining whether an electrocardiogram signal corresponding to the obtained first lead electrocardiogram data is abnormal; and suggesting to obtain second lead electrocardiogram data for the user on the basis of a second measurement method of the single lead electrocardiogram measurement device when it is determined that the electrocardiogram signal is abnormal.
Owner:MEDICAL AI CO LTD

Electrocardiogram measuring device

The present invention relates to a watch or ring comprising: a photoplethysmograph (PPG); and an electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement device, wherein the ECG measurement device comprises: a first electrode and a second electrode for receiving two ECG voltages from a contacted body part, respectively; two amplifiers for receiving the two ECG voltages from the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively; an electrode drive for outputting a drive voltage; a third electrode for receiving the output of the electrode drive and transmitting the output of the electrode drive to the contacted body part; an analog-to-digital converter connected to each output of the two amplifiers for converting the output signals of the two amplifiers into two digital signals; a microcontroller for receiving the two digital signals from the analog-to-digital converter; and a communication device for transmitting the two digital signals.
Owner:SIX CONFIRMATIONS LTD

Electrocardiogram measuring device

This invention relates to an electrocardiogram (ECG) measuring device, comprising: a first electrode and a second electrode configured to receive two ECG voltages from a body part in contact with them, respectively; two amplifiers, each receiving two ECG voltages from the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively; an electrode driver configured to output a driving voltage; a third electrode configured to receive the output of the electrode driver and transmit the output of the electrode driver to the body part in contact with it; an analog-to-digital converter connected to the output of each of the two amplifiers, converting the output signals of the two amplifiers into two digital signals; a microcontroller configured to receive the two digital signals from the analog-to-digital converter; and a communication device configured to transmit the two digital signals, wherein each of the two amplifiers simultaneously receives and amplifies one ECG voltage.
Owner:SIX CONFIRMATIONS LTD

Measurement station with electrocardiogram measurement

A measurement station includes an electrocardiogram acquisition system, two control electrodes configured to contact a user, and an electrical connection circuit, the electrical connection circuit comprising a feedback loop connected to the two control electrodes.
Owner:WITHINGS SAS

Biological information measuring device

ActiveCN117119960Bstability determinationBlood Pressure DeterminationsSkin contact
A biological information measuring device includes: a blood pressure measuring section that measures blood pressure of a subject, the blood pressure measuring section having a cuff that compresses a measured site of the subject, a pump that supplies gas into the cuff, an exhaust valve that adjusts discharge of the gas from the cuff, a pressure detecting section that detects a cuff pressure as a pressure in the cuff, a cuff pressure control section that controls the pump and the exhaust valve, and a blood pressure operation section that calculates the blood pressure of the subject; an electrocardiogram measuring section that measures an electrocardiogram waveform by processing an electrical signal acquired by a plurality of electrodes, the plurality of electrodes including an electrode provided on a side of the measured site of the cuff and capable of contacting a skin of the subject; and an electrocardiogram storage section that stores information of the measured electrocardiogram waveform in association with time, the biological information measuring device including an interval specifying section that specifies an interval of the information of the electrocardiogram waveform from the information of the electrocardiogram waveform stored in the electrocardiogram storage section based on a progress of the measurement of the blood pressure of the subject in parallel with the measurement of the electrocardiogram waveform.
Owner:OMRON HEALTHCARE CO LTD

Method and device for providing electrocardiogram measurement guide

PCT designated stageWO2026151276A1Electrocardiogram measuresTesting Methods
Disclosed are a method, a program, and a device for providing an electrocardiogram measurement guide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may comprise the steps of: storing an electrocardiogram signal and measurement information corresponding to the electrocardiogram signal; analyzing at least one of quality and diagnostic reliability for each stored electrocardiogram signal; and analyzing at least one of the quality and the diagnostic reliability and the stored measurement information to generate an electrocardiogram measurement guide for an electrocardiogram measurement target.
Owner:MEDICAL AI CO LTD

Health status prediction system utilizing asynchronous electrocardiogram

ActiveCN117813054BDiseaseState prediction
A health state prediction system using asynchronous electrocardiogram, comprising: a single-lead electrocardiogram measurement unit (110) provided with two electrodes, which measures electrocardiogram of two or more electric axes with time difference to obtain asynchronous electrocardiogram data; and a prediction unit (120) which predicts disease and disease degree according to asynchronous electrocardiogram data input from the single-lead electrocardiogram measurement unit (110) and segmented in a specific time unit by a diagnostic algorithm (121) which is a diagnostic algorithm established in advance after learning a plurality of asynchronous segmented standard electrocardiogram data sets which match asynchronous segmented standard lead electrocardiogram and disease and disease degree corresponding to the asynchronous segmented standard lead electrocardiogram, the asynchronous segmented standard lead electrocardiogram being asynchronous segmented standard lead electrocardiogram of different time from synchronous standard lead electrocardiogram measured in the same electric axis and segmented in a specific time unit and accumulated in a medical institution server, the present application generates asynchronous electrocardiogram by segmenting synchronous electrocardiogram of a medical institution and generates a data set for prediction model learning, and can predict disease from asynchronous electrocardiogram data of two or more leads measured by a single-lead electrocardiogram machine.
Owner:MEDICAL AI CO LTD

Automated external defibrillator system

Provided is an Automated External Defibrillator AED and a server. The AED makes an ECG measurement of a heart and transmits the measurement to a remote processing device, for example the server, and receives back from the server a first classification of the ECG measurement. The AED also performs a local analysis of the ECG measurement to determine a second classification of the ECG measurement. The AED determines whether to administer a shock / instruct a user to administer a shock based on the first and second classifications.
Owner:EVEREST ACQUISITION ENTITY LLC

Electrocardiogram measuring bed

ActiveCN224320843UOperating tablesSensorsStructural engineeringElectrocardiogram measures
The utility model relates to a kind of electrocardiogram measuring beds.The utility model discloses a kind of electrocardiogram measuring beds include: mattress;Bed cover is equipped on the top surface of mattress, the edge of bed cover is folded in the bottom surface of mattress, edge is equipped with two first line grooves extending along first direction, and form a perforation in the tail end of first line groove, first line groove is communicated by second line groove with each other;Lead assembly includes two foot lead lines and foot lead electrode, foot lead line includes guide section, adjusting section and connecting section, guide section is connected with electrocardiograph, adjusting section is respectively threaded in first line groove, its front end is threaded out of bed cover and is detachably connected with guide section, its end is threaded out by the perforation of another first line groove by second line groove, one end of connecting section is detachably connected with adjusting section, and the other end is connected with foot lead electrode.The utility model discloses a kind of electrocardiogram measuring beds have the advantages of convenient operation, simple structure.
Owner:广州医科大学附属番禺中心医院(广州市番禺区中心医院 广州市番禺区人民医院)

Adjustment of long term intraindividual changes in precordial ECG amplitudes

ActiveUS12667296B2Body mass indexElectrocardiogram measures
The present disclosure lies in the general field of clinical electrocardiography (ECG), more specifically in ECG methods comprising precordial ECG amplitude measurements. The present invention relates to methods of determining a subject's corrected precordial ECG amplitude from an ECG measurement, which corrections are based on intraindividual changes such as the rotation position of the heart on the horizontal plane, and / or changes in body mass index. The methods are thus useful for adjustment of intraindividual changes over time in precordial ECG amplitudes, such as between two ECG measurements. The present invention further relates to a device, an apparatus and a computer program product, and to uses of said device, apparatus and computer program product in a method of determining a subject's corrected precordial ECG amplitude from an ECG measurement, and for improving the accuracy of electrocardiographic methods depending on precordial ECG amplitude measurements. For example, the methods and the device, apparatus or product can be advantageously used in a method of diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy and / or hypertension in a subject.
Owner:BIOPOTENTIAL OY LTD

Bio-signal measuring device and bio-signal measuring method

A bio-signal measuring device includes a signal detector detecting a bio-signal, a signal converter converting the bio-signal into a bio-digital signal, a memory, a communicator communicating with an external device, and a processor configured to operate in a first operation mode for storing the bio-digital signal in the memory or a second operation mode for transmitting the bio-digital signal to the external device. An electrocardiogram measuring system and method including a portable electronic device configured to facilitate transmitting an electrocardiogram digital signal from an electrocardiogram measuring device to an external device by pre-storing an identification of the external device, accessing a certificate stored in the external device, and authenticating the certificate of the external device, are also disclosed.
Owner:ATSENS CO LTD

Multi-sensor device for monitoring health

The present invention relates to methods for marking positions for or for positioning of six ECG chest electrodes based on a subject's body height, which allows a reproducible placement of the electrodes in serial independent ECG measurements. The present invention further relates to a device for placement of ECG electrodes which implements said method, and methods and uses applying said device. Hence, the present invention provides an accurate and reproducible, easy to use and low-cost method and device for ECG chest electrode positioning, especially in serial examinations and in obese subjects by minimizing the mistakes in ECG chest electrode placement depending on the subjective and inaccurate defining of anatomic remarks for electrode positions.
Owner:ANALOG DEVICES INT UNLTD CO

Electrocardiogram measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium

ActiveCN116369930BSensorsMeasuring/recording heart/pulse rateEmergency medicineElectrocardiogram measures
The application discloses an electrocardiogram measurement method, device and equipment and a storage medium, belongs to the technical field of electrocardiogram, collects heart rate data and electrocardiogram data of a user, and judges whether the heart rate data and the electrocardiogram data are abnormal; whether an abnormality occurs is judged in real time, so that the test is not directly stopped or blindly continued when the abnormality occurs, the collected data is not accurate, and therefore the electrocardiogram measurement result is affected. If neither of them is abnormal, whether the electrocardiogram measurement of the user is continued is determined based on a measured time length and a change rule of the electrocardiogram data. If neither of them is abnormal, whether the electrocardiogram measurement of the user is continued is further determined through the collected electrocardiogram data, so that the electrocardiogram measurement is not inaccurate due to insufficient data collection. Therefore, the application can improve the accuracy of electrocardiogram measurement.
Owner:GEER TECH CO LTD

An electronic device, an electrocardiogram measurement method, a storage medium, and a chip system

PendingCN122642921AHemt circuitsCard holder
The application provides an electronic device, an electrocardio measurement method, a storage medium and a chip system. The physical key or card holder of the electronic device is modified so that it can be used as an ECG electrode. When the electrocardiogram is measured by using the electronic device, each ECG electrode collects the electrical signal of the human body and transmits it to the electrocardio measurement circuit inside the electronic device. First, the limb six-lead measurement is performed by using the electronic device, and six limb lead signals are obtained according to the electrical signal collected by each ECG electrode. In the case that the limb six-lead signal is normal, the chest six-lead measurement is continued by using the electronic device, and six chest lead signals are obtained according to the electrical signal collected by each ECG electrode. The scheme multiplexes the physical key or card holder of the electronic device as an ECG electrode, without the need to set a dedicated ECG electrode on the electronic device, without the need to change the appearance of the electronic device, and without the need to redevelop the production mold of the electronic device, thereby reducing the development and manufacturing cost of the electronic device.
Owner:HONOR DEVICE CO LTD

Biological information measurement device, biological information measurement system, and charger

PendingUS20260174341A1Evaluation of blood vesselsSensorsElectrocardiogram measuresBiomedical engineering
To increase a withstand voltage between a biological information measuring electrode and a charging terminal without increasing a biological information measurement device in size. A biological information measurement device includes: an electrocardiogram measuring unit configured to measure an electrocardiograph waveform of a subject and including an electrode; a body portion including a bottom portion configured to face and contact an arm portion of the subject in an attachment state; a charging terminal that receives power for charging; and an insulating member configured to separate the charging terminal from the electrode.
Owner:OMRON HEALTHCARE CO LTD

System for predicting health condition based on deep learning by using plurality of electrocardiograms

The present invention discloses a system for predicting a health condition based on deep learning by using a plurality of electrocardiograms according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an electrocardiogram measurement unit (110) configured to acquire N pieces of electrocardiogram data by measuring electrocardiograms of the same examinee at different times; a prediction unit (120) configured to generate disease information predicting the presence / absence, progress and degree of a disease by integrating semantic feature values or output values from the N pieces of electrocardiogram data provided from the electrocardiogram measurement unit (110) through a diagnostic algorithm previously constructed by being trained on datasets of N pieces of electrocardiogram data at different times and diseases corresponding to the electrocardiogram data; and an input unit (130) configured to convert the N pieces of electrocardiogram data input from the electrocardiogram measurement unit (110) and input them to the prediction unit (120).
Owner:MEDICAL AI CO LTD

Electrocardiogram generation system and method based on deep learning algorithm

The present application relates to a kind of electrocardiogram generation system and method based on deep learning algorithm.According to the present application, electrocardiogram generation system based on deep learning algorithm includes: data input unit, receives 12-lead electrocardiogram measured by multiple patients;Data extraction unit extracts learning data from the input 12-lead electrocardiogram;Learning unit learns the characteristics of electrocardiogram by inputting the extracted learning data into multiple learning models;Electrocardiogram generation unit receives more than one reference electrocardiogram from the measured object, generates virtual electrocardiogram by inputting the input reference electrocardiogram into multiple learning models that have completed learning;And control unit, the reference electrocardiogram and the generated virtual electrocardiogram are synchronized with each other, and the waveforms of synchronous reference electrocardiogram and virtual electrocardiogram are output.
Owner:MEDICAL AI CO LTD +1

Baby electrode patch

PendingUS20260096764A1SensorsDiagnostic recording/measuringPhysical therapyElectrocardiogram measures
A baby electrode patch is connected to an electrocardiogram measurement equipment to measure an electrocardiogram of a baby. The baby electrode patch included an electrode patch main body, an electrode patch extension portion, and an electrode patch connection portion. The electrode patch main body is equipped with a plurality of main body electrodes. The electrode patch extension portion is connected to the electrode patch main body, and the electrode patch connection portion is connected to the electrode patch extension portion. The electrode patch extension portion extends from the electrode patch main body towards a side of the baby so as to allow the electrocardiogram measurement equipment to be placed at the side of the baby.
Owner:QT MEDICAL INC

Additional electrocardiogram measurement lead method

PendingJP2025537163AMedical data miningHealth-index calculationEmergency medicineElectrocardiogram measures
The present disclosure may provide a method executed by a processor for inducing additional electrocardiogram measurements, the method including: acquiring a first type of electrocardiogram signal; and determining whether a second type of electrocardiogram signal, different from the first type of electrocardiogram signal, is further required based on at least one of information related to the first type of electrocardiogram signal or diagnostic information based on the first type of electrocardiogram signal.
Owner:VUNO INC

Electrocardiogram measurement apparatus

The present invention relates to an electrocardiogram measurement apparatus (measurement sensor) which can be used in combination with a smartphone by an individual. The electrocardiogram measurement apparatus according to the present invention comprises: two amplifiers for receiving electrocardiogram signals from a first electrode and a second electrode; one electrode driving unit; a third electrode for receiving an output of the electrode driving unit; an A / D converter connected to an output terminal of each of the two amplifiers and converting analog signals into digital signals; a microcontroller for receiving the digital signals from the A / D converter; and a communication means for transmitting the digital signal, wherein: the microcontroller is supplied with power from a battery; the microcontroller controls the A / D converter and the communication means; and each of the two amplifiers amplifies one electrocardiogram signal so as to simultaneously measure two electrocardiogram signals.
Owner:HEXACHECK INC

Electrocardiosignal measuring device and electrocardiosignal measuring system

ActiveCN116829073BSensorsDiagnostic recording/measuringCapacitanceElectrocardiogram measures
In a multi-channel electrocardiogram measuring device including a plurality of electrocardiogram measuring sections for measuring an electrocardiogram, it is made possible to obtain a clear electrocardiogram while suppressing noise. An electrocardiogram measuring section (13) includes a positive and negative pair of electrode bodies (20, 21) configured as a capacitively coupled electrode and capable of being disposed in a non-contact state on a human body, a signal amplifying section (23) that amplifies electrical signals from the two electrode bodies (20, 21) and outputs the signals as electrocardiogram signals, and an inverting output section (28) that inverts common mode signals of the electrical signals from the two electrode bodies (20, 21) and outputs the signals as inverted signals. When the electrocardiogram measuring section (13) in which the inverted signals from the inverting output section (28) are input to the positive electrode body (20) is defined as a first channel (13A) and the electrocardiogram measuring section (13) in which the inverted signals from the inverting output section (28) are input to the negative electrode body (21) is defined as a second channel (13B), the two channels (13A, 13B) are simultaneously present.
Owner:MAXELL LTD