The invention discloses a breeding method of bactrocera cucurbitae, which comprises the steps of egg collection, pupa collection, pupa eclosion and imago breeding. According to the method, a natural-growth environmental condition and a living habit of the Bactrocera cucurbitae are researched and analyzed, so that a successful method for artificially breeding the Bactrocera cucurbitae is obtained by creative exploration, and the Bactrocera cucurbitae with basically-consistent growth and development conditions can be obtained in batches; on the basis of the method, the bactrocera cucurbitae meeting a using requirement of scientific experiment research can be provided for scientific experiments all the year around without limitation of natural conditions and seasons; and the breeding method can increase a survival rate of artificial breeding of the Bactrocera cucurbitae, and improve the breeding efficiency.