The invention relates to a wheel profile laser measurement device. An electromotor is fixed on one end of a base, and is connected with a drive screw, and an incremental photoelectric encoder is mounted on the other end of the drive screw; a guide rod which is parallel with the drive screw is arranged on the base as well, and the bottom of the base is fixed on a rail through supporting blocks; a movable slider is sleeved on the guide rod, and also cooperates with the drive screw by means of screw threads; a movable rod is fixed on the movable slider, a laser head of a laser displacement sensor is fixed on the top of the movable rod, the serial port and the USB port of the laser displacement sensor are respectively connected with the serial port and the USB port of a computer, and the signal output end of the incremental photoelectric encoder is connected with the control signal input end of the laser displacement sensor. The test device can conveniently measure the abrasion change of a wheel profile on the spot; moreover, the device is convenient to carry and easy and convenient to operate, the measurement precision is high, and the repeatability of test data is good.