Process for producing shell powder supported solid acid biodiesel catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a solid acid biodiesel catalyst loaded by shell powders. The method is to load sulfonic acid on a shell powder carrier through a solid phase synthesis method or a dipping method. The dipping method is as follows: firstly, preparing a sulfonic acid solution with proper concentration; secondly, loading the sulfonic acid; and finally obtaining the catalyst through roasting at a program-controlled temperature after pretreatments of stirring and the like. The solid phase synthesis method is as follows: fully mixing and grinding one or two precursors with certain mass and more than two of sulfonic acid mixtures with certain mass of activating shell powders, and then drying and roasting the mixture to obtain the solid acid biodiesel catalyst immobilized by the shell powders. The solid acid catalyst has the characteristics of high catalytic efficiency, good stability, excellent regenerability and the like, and can be applied in the fields of biodiesel synthesis, esterification, and ester exchange synthesis and the like. For the raw material source and the production process, the method not only reduces the production cost and improves the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst, but also is advantageous for controlling environment pollution, thereby having great meaning on environmental protection.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid acid catalysts and energy, in particular to a preparation method of shell flour-loaded solid acid biodiesel catalysts. Background technique: [0002] Biodiesel is a clean and renewable energy, known as "green gold", which occupies a special position in the energy field. At present, biodiesel is mainly obtained by transesterification, that is, short-chain alcohols such as methanol or ethanol are transesterified with triglycerides, the main component of natural vegetable oil or animal fat, to synthesize long-chain fatty acid A (B) esters - biodiesel. The transesterification method mainly includes homogeneous catalytic method, heterogeneous catalytic method, biocatalytic method and supercritical method. Among them, the chemical catalysis method includes homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis methods. The homogeneous catalysis method uses liquid acid or liquid alkali as a catalyst to prepare biodies...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The liquid alkali catalysis process has the advantages of relatively cheap and easy-to-obtain catalyst, short reaction time, and high conversion rate, but there are still a series of inherent defects: high quality requirements for raw materials, the acid value of raw materials must be less than 1, and the water content must be Less than 0.5%, that is, the recycling rate of waste oil and industrial waste is low; saponification reaction is prone to occur; the process is complicated and energy consumption is high; the amount of alcohol is large and it is not easy to recycle; the by-product glycerin is difficult to recycle, and the catalyst is difficult to separate from the product. Thereby increasing the cost of follow-up treatment, the most important thing is that waste lye is discharged, forming a new source of environmental pollution

However, there are a series of defects in the preparation of biodiesel catalyzed by lipase: the reaction cycle is long; the enzyme is easily poisoned and inactivated, and if the lower alcohol in the reaction system reaches a certain amount, the enzyme will lose its catalytic activity; at the same time, the price of lipase is relatively expensive

Although liquid acid catalyst (such as CN1412278A adopts sulfuric acid as catalyst) does not have special requirement to the moisture of raw oil and free acid content, it has corrosiveness, very high to equipment requirement, and methyl alcohol and by-product glycerin are difficult to separate after reaction finishes, increase the cost

In addition, using liquid acid as a catalyst will discharge a large amount of sewage in the post-treatment process, causing environmental pollution

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