Polyvinyl alcohol/smectite composite nano foamed material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol / smectite compound nano foamed material which is prepared by compounding technology and chemical foaming technology. The foamed material contains 3-5 wt% of nano smectite, so that the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the foamed material are enhanced; and the inside of the polyvinyl alcohol foamed material has a crosslinked network structure and also has compact pores with uniform sizes, so the material has the advantages of large specific area, high adsorption capacity and low cost, has favorable functions of adsorption, filtration and separation, can be easily used repeatedly, and is hopeful to become a filtering / separating / adsorbing material which has wide popularization prospects in the fields of filtration, separation and adsorption. Therefore, by utilizing the characteristics of high mechanical strength and high thermal stability, the polyvinyl alcohol / smectite compound nano foamed material can be used in the fields of beverages, food, brewage, pharmacy, chemical engineering, sewage treatment, environmental protection and the like, and satisfies the requirements of higher technical conditions in a purification / solid-liquid separation / filtration recovery system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of composite materials or polymer foaming materials, and in particular relates to a polyvinyl alcohol / montmorillonite composite nano foaming material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In the production process of clarification and purification, solid-liquid separation, filtration and recovery in beverage, food, brewing, pharmaceutical, chemical, chemical, sewage treatment, environmental protection and other industries, it is widely used in plastic, ceramic, metal powder metallurgy and other materials. The porous filtration and separation adsorption material has become an indispensable part in industrial production. The PVA foam material prepared by polyvinyl alcohol has a cross-linked network structure inside, dense and uniform pores, large specific surface area, large adsorption capacity, high mechanical strength, good chemical stability, and wettability to water. It is a key material t...

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Problems solved by technology

In the preparation technology of polyvinyl alcohol foaming material, CN1095075A discloses a kind of superabsorbent foamed plastics and its preparation method, take polyvinyl alcohol and cornstarch as main components and add aldehyde, sulfuric acid, organosilicon defoamer and surfactant, through Casting molding to prepare superabsorbent foam plastics; CN1095387A discloses a polyvinyl alcohol foaming material for medical hygiene, using polyvinyl alcohol and formaldehyde as raw materials, adding glyoxal and sodium bicarbonate after polymerization under acid catalysis The foaming agent is molded by casting, foamed and solidified, stripped, washed, and dried to prepare polyvinyl alcohol foaming materials for medical and sanitary use; CN 1218997C discloses a highly water-absorbing polyvinyl alcohol foam and its preparation method. Polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde, acid and chemical foaming agent are used to prepare continuous open-cell foam by chemical foaming method; CN 101363021A discloses a macroporous reticular polyvinyl alcohol foam carrier and its preparation. The foam carrier has stable macropores Network structure, showing good hydrophilicity, physical and chemical stability and biodegradability, suitable for immobilizing enzymes and microorganisms to form bioreactors of various bed types, used in modern bioengineering fields such as sewage treatment; CN101186720B Disclosed is a polyvinyl alcohol foaming material for sewage treatment, which is a flexible foam plastic prepared from polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde and starch through a chemical foaming method. The difference from the existing foaming material is that carbon nanotubes are added together Foaming, that is, the foaming material contains carbon nanotubes, which improves the purification ability of the foaming material for sewage treatment; there is no report on the preparation of foaming materials by compounding polyvinyl alcohol and other nanomaterials, and there is no report on the foaming material. Research publication on the preparation of composite nano-foam materials by composite treatment of destoned and polyvinyl alcohol