Oscillatory scanning laser beam-electric arc hybrid welding method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an oscillatory scanning laser beam-electric arc hybrid welding method and system. Laser beams and electric arc move together along an abutted seam in large range space, simultaneously the laser beams surround acting points of the electric arc to perform oscillatory scanning movement in a local small area, and an actual welding track is a curve formed by overlying two types of movements. As for an optimal range of laser beam oscillatory scanning displacement, the range in the direction of an X axis is minus 2mm to 3mm, the range in the direction of an Y axis is minus 5mm to 5mm, the range in the direction of a Z axis is minus 2mm to 2mm, and the oscillation frequency is in a range from 20Hz to 500Hz. According to the method and the system, an enhanced technical effect is achieved by the aid of interaction of a laser beam oscillatory scanning effect and a laser-electric arc synergistic effect, and the welding quality is improved. Compared with existing laser-electric arc hybrid welding and laser scanning welding methods and systems, the method and the system have the advantages that higher weld porosity inhibiting capability is achieved, and the weld strength is improved by 10% to 50%.

Description

technical field [0001] The hybrid welding technology of the present invention specifically relates to an oscillation scanning laser beam-arc hybrid welding method and system, and is especially suitable for laser beam-arc hybrid welding of metal materials. Background technique [0002] Laser-arc hybrid welding utilizes the interaction between the two heat sources of laser and arc, which has better welding characteristics, and has the advantages of large laser welding penetration, good joint quality, high efficiency, small deformation and good arc welding bridging performance. The advantages of strong adaptability to complex environments are currently one of the most eye-catching metal material connection technologies. However, the significant difference in welding characteristics between arc and laser has resulted in a series of technical difficulties that need to be overcome in terms of weld formation and joint microstructure uniformity in laser-arc hybrid welds. Specifical...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The problem is that it is difficult to implement the laser beam scanning movement driven by robots or other mechanical means, not only the response time is slow, the vibration frequency is too low, the stability is poor, the laser beam scanning path is single, and the structure of the process is complicated, so the Technology research and application are very limited

Laser galvanometer scanning welding can refine the weld grains, reduce the tendency of cracks, and improve the strength of the joint through the oscillation scanning of the laser beam, but because the laser welding molten pool is too narrow, the solidification speed is too fast, and the laser pinhole is unstable, The ability of this process to suppress porosity is relatively limited, and the tendency of weld porosity is still very large, which cannot meet the welding needs of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and other light alloy structures.

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