Long-acting fertilizer specially used for dry-farming sweet potatoes and preparation method for long-acting fertilizer

A special sweet potato fertilizer and long-acting technology, which is applied in application, fertilization equipment, fertilizer mixture, etc., can solve the problems of expensive slow-release long-acting fertilizer, easy loss of common fertilizer, and complicated process, so as to reduce water transpiration and cost The effect of low cost and simple preparation process

Active Publication Date: 2014-05-07
QINGDAO AGRI UNIV
5 Cites 34 Cited by

AI-Extracted Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Aiming at the many defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a special fertilizer for long-acting dry-farmed sweet potatoes and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the problems of easy loss of common fertilizers and the r...
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Abstract

The invention relates to a long-acting fertilizer specially used for dry-farming sweet potatoes and a preparation method for the long-acting fertilizer. The fertilizer is granular and comprises three layers of structures, namely a fertilizer kernel, a wrapping film coating layer and a water-retaining agent coating layer in sequence from inside to outside. The kernel of the long-acting fertilizer specially used for the dry-farming sweet potatoes contains effective components such as a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer, a potassic fertilizer and a composite micro fertilizer which are specially suitable for the sweet potatoes; the wrapping film coating layer controls the speed of water entering a film and controls and regulates release of nutrition; the water-retaining agent coating layer can effectively retain water in soil and rainwater; lateral seepage runoff and water evaporation are alleviated, and front and middle-stage growth of the sweet potatoes is guaranteed. The preparation method for the fertilizer is implemented through one-time spraying; the technically occupied space is small, the equipment investment is small, the preparation process is simple and the energy consumption is low; the wrapping film material is low in cost, so that the price of the fertilizer is greatly reduced.

Application Domain

Fertilizer mixtures

Technology Topic

Intermediate stageLong acting +8

Image

  • Long-acting fertilizer specially used for dry-farming sweet potatoes and preparation method for long-acting fertilizer
  • Long-acting fertilizer specially used for dry-farming sweet potatoes and preparation method for long-acting fertilizer

Examples

  • Experimental program(3)

Example Embodiment

[0018] Example 1
[0019] A special fertilizer for long-term dry farming sweet potato, the specific raw materials and the preparation method are as follows:
[0020] (1), prefabricated fertilizer kernel: put 200kg of nutrient P 2 O 5 40% powdered heavy superphosphate, 480kg of K 2 O content is 50% potassium sulfate, 55kg of powdered urea, and 25kg of fulvic acid are put into the stirring mixer and mixed evenly.
[0021] Use the spray granulation process to granulate, specifically: feeding the mixed powdery superphosphate, potassium sulfate, powdery urea and additives into the granulation drum. Melt 100kg of urea, spray it into the fertilizer mixture in the granulation cylinder by using the spray granulation process, then dry it at 90°C and sieve it into spherical granular fertilizer kernels with a particle size of 2.5-3.5mm. Among them, the weight ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the fertilizer kernel calculated by pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide respectively is 8.3-9.5-27.9.
[0022] (2) Spray coating: The granulated fertilizer core is sent to the fluidized bed film coating machine, the temperature is controlled at 100 °C, and the urea formaldehyde containing 0.5% ammonium chloride and 1% thiourea is sprayed with an atomizing device. 60kg of solution and 30kg of polyethylene wax are simultaneously sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core;
[0023] (3) Finally, stick 50kg of sodium polyacrylate water-retaining agent on the outer surface of the fertilizer by rolling. After the coating is processed, it is a special fertilizer for long-term dry farming sweet potato.
[0024] For the fertilizer prepared by the above method, the weight of the film coating and the water-retaining agent coating accounts for 14% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the slow-release period is 90 days.
[0025] Under the condition that the process and materials are exactly the same as those described above in this embodiment, the materials in step (2) are replaced with 93 kg of urea-formaldehyde solution containing 0.5% ammonium chloride and 1% thiourea and 40 kg of polyethylene wax to prepare The weight of coating coating and water-retaining agent coating in the fertilizer accounted for 17.6% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the slow-release period was 120 days.
[0026] This kind of special fertilizer for long-term dry farming sweet potato is suitable for dry and thin soil in northern hilly area.

Example Embodiment

[0027] Example 2:
[0028] The long-acting dry-farming sweet potato special fertilizer containing trace element zinc can be prepared by the following steps.
[0029] (1), prefabricated fertilizer kernel: put 50kg powdered urea, 110kg N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O powdery monoammonium phosphate with a nutrient content of 12 to 55 to 0, 480 kg of K 2 Potassium sulfate with 50% O content, 42 kg of zinc sulfate with 24% zinc content, and 38 kg of fulvic acid are mixed evenly. The above-mentioned fertilizers that have been mixed evenly are fed into the granulating drum.
[0030] Melt 140kg of urea and spray the 140kg of urea melted into the fertilizer mixture in the granulation cylinder by using the spray granulation process, and control to achieve a suitable particle size, which is a special fertilizer for sweet potato with a nutrient content of 11.7-7-27.9 (Also contains 1% of the trace element zinc). The granulation process can also use drum steam granulation or disc granulation. In the drying process, the drying granulation temperature of the drying kiln is 100°C. In the sieving process, the inner core is a spherical granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2.5 to 3.5 mm.
[0031] (2), spray coating: the granulated fertilizer core is sent into the fluidized bed film coating machine, and 60kg and 30kg of urea-formaldehyde solution containing 0.5% ammonium chloride and 1% thiourea curing agent are sprayed with an atomizing device Polyethylene wax is simultaneously sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core;
[0032] (3) Finally, stick 50kg of sodium polyacrylate water-retaining agent on the outer surface of the fertilizer by rolling. After the coating is processed, it is a special fertilizer for long-term dry farming sweet potato.
[0033] The composition and content of the special fertilizer for long-term dry farming sweet potato are: after the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the special fertilizer for long-acting dry farming sweet potato are converted into nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, the sum of the weights of the three is the long-acting dry farming fertilizer. It is 42±1% of the weight of the special fertilizer for sweet potato; the weight of the controlled release film accounts for 14% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the controlled release period is 90 days.
[0034]In the case that the process and materials are exactly the same as those mentioned above in this example, replace the materials in step (2) with: 93kg of urea-formaldehyde solution containing 0.5% ammonium chloride and 1% thiourea curing agent and 40kg of polyethylene Wax, the weight of the coated coating and the water-retaining agent coating in the prepared fertilizer accounted for 18.3% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the slow-release period was 120 days.

Example Embodiment

[0035] Example 3:
[0036] Under the situation that manufacturing process is identical with embodiment 1 and 2, adjust the kind and proportioning of material, the different fertilizer inner cores of making, as shown in table 1:
[0037] Table 1 Fertilizer core combination ratio selection
[0038]
[0039] The additive 1 is selected from one or more mixtures of fulvic acid, urease inhibitors and light calcium carbonate; the additive 2 is a compound micro-fertilizer selected from zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid one or a combination of several.
[0040] On the outside of the fertilizer core, the thickness of the coating coating and the water-retaining agent layer sprayed are different, and the material ratio of the curing agent in the coating coating is different, which can produce special fertilizers with different slow-release time and water retention capacity (see Table 2 ).
[0041] Table 2 Combination ratio selection of coating coating and water-retaining agent coating material
[0042]
[0043] The curing agent is a composition of 0.05-0.5% of ammonium chloride accounting for the weight of urea-formaldehyde and 0.01-1% of thiourea accounting for the weight of urea-formaldehyde.
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PUM

PropertyMeasurementUnit
Particle size2.5 ~ 3.5mm
tensileMPa
Particle sizePa
strength10

Description & Claims & Application Information

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Classification and recommendation of technical efficacy words

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