A kind of separation method of nano metal simple substance

A technology of nanometer metal and separation method, applied in nanotechnology and other directions, can solve problems such as high cost, pollution, waste, etc., and achieve the effects of reducing preparation cost, improving preparation efficiency, and reducing energy consumption

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-01-20
FUDAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the extremely small size of nano-metals makes it impossible to obtain directly through traditional filtration methods, and the dispersion contains a large amount of non-volatile additives, and it is impossible to obtain pure nano-metal powders by evaporation and drying.
The existing method is mainly to obtain pure nano-metal powder through repeated high-speed centrifugation, but this method is extremely costly, extremely low in efficiency, and has a lot of waste and pollution, which cannot meet the requirements of industrial production
Without the innovation of nano-metal separation methods, there will be no possibility of large-scale and low-cost application of nano-metals

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] (1) Preparation of nano-copper particles: 0.01 mol of copper sulfate pentahydrate was added to 50 ml of ethylene glycol, and after fully dissolved, 2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (K30) and 1.7 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide were added. After fully dissolving, heat to 90°C, then quickly add 50 ml of ethylene glycol solution containing 0.03 mol of sodium hypophosphite, stir for 5 minutes, and cool down to normal temperature to obtain a dispersion of copper nanoparticles.

[0022] (2) Add 1ml of ethanol solution with 1%wt 1,2-ethanedithiol content to the nano-copper particle dispersion prepared in (1), stir well, and let stand for 30min.

[0023] (3) Nano-copper particles were obtained by normal pressure filtration, washed three times with water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate, and dried in a decompression drying oven for 24 hours to obtain the required nano-copper particle powder (0.62 g, yield 97 %)

Embodiment 2

[0025] (1) Preparation of silver nanowires: 10ml of ethylene glycol was heated at 160 degrees for 2 hours, then 3ml of ethylene glycol solution containing 0.1mM copper chloride was added, and then 12ml of 0.05M silver nitrate and 0.1M polyvinylpyrrolidone were added. (K30) in ethylene glycol solution, stir at 160°C for 1 hour after fully stirring. The temperature was lowered to normal temperature to obtain a dispersion liquid of silver nanowires.

[0026] (2) Add 2 μl of a 3%wt ethanol solution of tetrakis (ethylene glycol) dithiol to the silver nanowire dispersion prepared in (1), stir well, and let stand for 30 minutes.

[0027] (3) Silver nanowires were obtained by vacuum filtration, washed three times with water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate, and dried in a decompression drying oven for 24 hours to obtain the desired silver nanowire powder (0.062g, yield 96%).

Embodiment 3

[0029] (1) Preparation of gold nanotubes: The dispersion of silver nanowires was prepared using the method in step (1) of Example 2, and then 12ml of 0.05M chloroauric acid ethylene glycol solution was added, and the reaction was allowed to fully proceed after standing for 1 hour. A dispersion of gold nanotubes was obtained.

[0030] (2) Add 2 μl of 3%wt ethanol solution of phthalic thiol to the gold nanotube dispersion prepared in (1), stir well, and let stand for 30 minutes.

[0031] (3) Gold nanotubes were obtained by vacuum filtration, washed three times with water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate, and dried in a decompression drying oven for 24 hours to obtain the required gold nanotube powder (0.106g, yield 90% ).

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of nanometer materials and particularly relates to a nanocrystalline metal elementary substance separation method. By adding a trace of flocculant, zero-dimensional nanometer materials (nano-particles), one-dimensional nanometer materials (nano-wires and nano-tubes) and two-dimensional nanometer materials of elementary substances of copper, silver, gold, palladium, platinum and nickel are made to settle down from dispersion liquid of the nanometer materials, and thus the nanometer materials can be separated from the mixed liquid through low-speed centrifugation or filtration; after being washed and dried, the nano-particles, the nano-wires, the nano-tubes and the two-dimensional nanometer materials exist as dry powder so that subsequent use can be facilitated. With the method, nanocrystalline metals can be separated from the preparing mixed liquid without using high-speed centrifugation, the nanocrystalline metal preparation cost is greatly reduced, and thus it becomes possible that the nanocrystalline metal materials, particularly the nanocrystalline metal particles and the nanocrystalline metal wires can be applied on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of preparation of nanometer materials, in particular to a method for separating simple nanometer metals. Background technique [0002] A nanomaterial is a material whose basic structural unit is in the nanoscale range in at least one dimension, and has some new properties compared with traditional materials. In recent years, nanomaterials have always been the focus of scientific research. A variety of new functional nanomaterials have been developed one after another, and developed into corresponding products, which have been applied on a small scale. Metal nanomaterials represented by nano-copper, nano-silver and nano-gold have been widely studied, and have been successfully applied in composite materials, nano-catalysts, nano-optical devices, nano-conductors and semiconductor devices. Taking composite materials as an example, compared with the conductive adhesive filled with micron silver wire, the conductive adhes...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B22F9/00B82Y40/00
Inventor 常煜杨振国
Owner FUDAN UNIV
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