High-stability direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode based on CNT material

A methanol fuel cell, high-stability technology, used in fuel cells, battery electrodes, fuel cell components, etc., can solve problems such as hindering oxygen transmission, limiting battery energy density and service life, and reducing catalyst utilization. Solve the effect of cathode flooding, improve long-term discharge stability, and improve drainage rate

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-04-29
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in a lower temperature range, such as 20-65 °C, more than 95% of the water at the cathode is accumulated in the cathode catalytic layer in liquid form, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of the catalyst and hindering oxygen transmission. This phenomenon is called cathode water. flooded
Cathode flooding will limit the energy density and lifetime of the cell, i.e. the stability of direct methanol fuel cells

Method used

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  • High-stability direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode based on CNT material
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  • High-stability direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode based on CNT material

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0014] Specific implementation mode one: as figure 1 As shown, the direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode of this embodiment is composed of an anode diffusion electrode (anode diffusion layer 1, anode catalyst layer 2), a proton exchange membrane 3, and a cathode diffusion electrode (cathode catalyst layer 4, cathode diffusion layer 5), The left side of the proton exchange membrane 3 is the anode catalyst layer 2 and the anode diffusion layer 1 in sequence; the right side of the proton exchange membrane 3 is the cathode catalyst layer 4 and the cathode diffusion layer 5 in sequence. The anode diffusion electrode is a commercial anode diffusion electrode, and the cathode diffusion layer 5 is made of CNT (carbon nanotube) material, and the above two stages are also used as mass transfer barrier layers for methanol aqueous solution (anode) and liquid water (cathode) respectively.

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0015] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode, the steps of which are as follows:

[0016] (1) Preparation of cathode catalyst layer slurry:

[0017] Weigh 30~50mg of Pt / C (a mixture of Pt and C, wherein the content of Pt is 40wt.%) catalyst, add 0.1~0.5mL deionized water to mix, shake with an ultrasonic oscillator for 5~10 minutes, until the catalyst is Fully submerged. Then add 0.15-0.3ml of Nafion solution with a concentration of 5wt.% and 0.7-1.5mL of isopropanol, then vibrate with an ultrasonic oscillator and fully stir with a magnetic stirrer for 1-2 hours to prepare a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0018] (2) Preparation of cathode diffusion electrode:

[0019] Rinse the CNT material paper with ultrapure water ultrasonically, dry it at room temperature, and make a cathode diffusion layer; cut about 2cm×2cm cathode diffusion layer CNT material paper, fix it and evenly brush about 12~40mg of cathode c...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0023] Specific implementation mode three: as figure 2 As shown, first, the new membrane electrode 10 is clamped and fixed by the anode current collector plate 8 and the cathode current collector plate 9 . Then use two plexiglass end plates 7 with rectangular openings in the middle to fix the anode current collector 8, the new membrane electrode 10 and the cathode current collector 9 together, and finally connect the liquid storage chamber 6 to the anode The side plexiglass end plates 7 are connected together.

[0024] After the packaging is completed, the battery is activated and preliminary tests show that the direct methanol fuel cell with the new membrane electrode has higher performance and long-term working stability than the battery using the traditional membrane electrode, such as image 3 shown.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-stability direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode based on a CNT material, and belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The membrane electrode is composed of an anode diffusion electrode, a Nafion proton exchange membrane and a cathode diffusion electrode, wherein a diffusion layer of the cathode diffusion electrode is prepared from CNT material paper. According to the membrane electrode disclosed by the invention, the structure of a direct methanol fuel cell can be simplified; the volume of the fuel cell is reduced; meanwhile, the water logging problem on one side of the cathode in the direct methanol fuel cell is well solved, so that the oxygen mass transfer of the cathode is increased; the stability of the cell for lastingly working for a long period of time is improved; the contact resistance between a collector plate and the membrane electrode is significantly reduced; the problem of internal resistance increase caused by PTFE used as the mass transfer baffle layer in a traditional structure is avoided; and the performance of the battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and relates to a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode. Background technique [0002] Thanks to the high energy density of liquid methanol, the theoretical specific energy of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) can reach 4900Wh / L, nearly five times that of lithium batteries. However, in practical applications, the Nafion membrane is used as the electrolyte membrane of methanol fuel cells, and there is a serious problem of methanol permeation. This methanol permeation will not only cause waste of fuel and lower system efficiency, but also increase cathode polarization and reduce the output voltage of DMFC. At the same time, water mostly leaves the cathode in the form of water vapor in DMFC. However, in a lower temperature range, such as 20-65 °C, more than 95% of the water at the cathode is accumulated in the cathode catalytic layer in liquid form, resulting in a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/94H01M4/88H01M8/22H01M8/02
CPCH01M4/8878H01M4/8882H01M4/94H01M8/0271H01M8/22Y02E60/50
Inventor 刘晓为邓慧超张宇峰张雪林
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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