172results about How to "Avoid uneven settlement" patented technology

The invention discloses a bed course replacing and filling and carbonization reinforcing method of a soft soil foundation and relates to a foundation handling method, in particular to a replacing and filling and carbonization reinforcing method of a large-area shallow soft uneven foundation. The method includes the steps of pit earth excavation, replacing and filling material preparation, pit bottom handling and initial pressurization, ventilating pipe network laying, replacing and filling material spreading and rolling compaction, arrangement of a sealing system, temporary ballasting and carbonization by introducing carbon dioxide gas. The replacing and filling material is prepared from original soil, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and alkaline curing agent powder, and the fine aggregates and the coarse aggregates contain sand, coal ash, slag, gravel, construction waste and other cheap materials. Gas is introduced through a thin pipe, carbonization is performed through the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and can be completed in several hours, high strength is achieved, and engineering requirements are met. Differential settlement of structures on the upper portion of the soft foundation can be avoided through bed course replacement and filling and carbonization reinforcement, and the bed course replacing and filling and carbonization reinforcing method of the soft soil foundation has the advantages that advantages that bearing capacity is high, manufacturing cost is low, construction is efficient, and low carbon and environment protection are achieved.

This is a constructive method used to underground; it is a semi-reverse practice inverse join method. Its steps are: After dig earthwork set up the safe guard wall (1) and according following steps: To make temporary sand trough joint (2), it is composed by the wedge trough (3), pad layer (4) and filled layer (5), on the sand trough joint (2) install pattern plate (10), vertical direction reinforcing rod (6), and horizontal direction reinforcing rod (11), to fix the pattern plate by the scaffold, on the pattern plate surface open a pair holes, one end is fixed on the safeguard wall, other end is fixed on the scaffold by binder bolt (7); support rod (9) sustain the scaffold; on the pattern-plate top end, to make 'false cattle-leg' pouring opening, to pour cement slurry: after pouring cement begin to maintain, after maintain dismantle pattern plate and repeat the above steps to the bottom.

The invention provides a process method for rectifying the deviation of an open caisson by the jacking balance of jack, which comprises the following steps: knocking pre-stressed tubular piles into the four corners of a concrete box at the short-direction side as stress points; preventing the lower end of the concrete box from sinking in digging by an unloading device which comprises a pile cap, a steel truss, hydraulic jacks and a replaceable component; digging the subsoil at the high end of the concrete box to cause the lower foundation of the concrete box to have new inverse and non-uniform sinking; slowly sinking the concrete box to a designed elevation by adjusting the jack stroke and the replaceable component of the unloading device step by step; and replacing all the jacks by the replaceable component. The method can effectively solve the problem of non-uniform sinking of an open caisson in rectifying the deviation of the open caisson, and dynamically control the sinking of open caissons. The method is especially suitable for rectifying the deviation of open caissons in flow plastic muddy soil.

The invention discloses a geocell reinforced rubber particles-sand mixture compound shock insulation layer and strip, which belongs to the technical field of structure shock absorbing and shock insulation, and is mainly used for solving the problem of serious destructions of a general multi-story building in an earthquake. According to the invention, the compound shock insulation layer and strip are manufactured by the filling and layered punning of rubber particles-sand mixture mixed by an optimal mix proportion in geocell inner layers; the shock insulation layer is arranged at the bottom of a base; shock insulation strips are arranged on two sides of the base; the geocell is a geotechnique material which can be bought easily and is low in cost; the rubber particles are rubber fragments with certain particle diameters, and are obtained by the mechanical fragmentation of junked tires; the sands are ordinary river sands used for construction. The shock insulation layer and strip have good shock insulation effect, low cost, environmental protection, simple structure, and convenience in construction, and is generally suitable for the compound shock insulation technology of the multi-story building; the technical scheme can effectively solve the problems of bad shock resistance and serious destructions of a low story dwelling in a town, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a pavement structure based on the water sand backfilling technology and a construction method thereof. The thickness of the pavement structure is 50cm. The pavement is divided into a surface layer, a base layer and a cushion layer from top to bottom, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is in a range of 8cm to 10cm, the thickness of the base layer is in a range of 18cm to 22cm, and the thicknesses of the cushion layer are in a range of 18cm to 22cm. the cushion layer is arranged between a soil layer and the base layer, and backfilling sand is arranged under the cushion layer. The process is simple and practical, and bearing capacity strength and stability of backfilling soil are guaranteed to be in accordance with engineering safety requirements.

The invention provides a reinforcing construction method in partial failure repairing of a rural cement pavement. The reinforcing construction method comprises the following steps: excavating an old concrete pavement needing to be repaired to the top surface of a roadbed and cleaning; cutting the excavated old concrete pavement and thus cutting the pavement into an inclined plane along the thickness direction of the road surface; respectively paving one layer of steel wire net on each of the bottom and the middle pat of the inclined section; paving thread steel bars and extending to a road surface region needing to be newly poured; pouring concrete into an excavated region of the old road surface to form a new concrete road surface. The invention aims to solve the road surface crushing problem in old cement road surface diseases of rural highways and useful resources including steel wires, steel bars and the like which are usual in villages can be effectively utilized; the engineering cost is saved and a repairing technology is simple, so as to provide a simple, economical and effective method for repairing the road surfaces of rural roads.

The invention relates to a model for testing deformation and a stress variation law of an intensity attenuation roadbed. The model comprises a model body, wherein the interior of the model body is an empty cavity structure; the empty cavity structure is separated into two parts through a vertical partition wall; one part is a vertical well; a broken stone cushion layer is paved at the bottom of the other part; the broken stone cushion layer is communicated with the bottom of the vertical well; and a silt roadbed, the structure of which is the same as that of a half-amplitude roadbed, is arranged above the broken stone cushion layer. Simultaneously, the invention further discloses a test method of the model. The model and the method disclosed by the invention are capable of analyzing stress and deformation characteristics of the intensity attenuation roadbed and the reinforcement mechanism of a sleeve grouting micro-pile, clearing the effect of a sleeve micro-pile grouting and reinforcing technology for increasing bearing capacity of the roadbed, avoiding differential settlement and increasing stability of a side slope, and providing rational technology reference and theoretical direction for reinforcement and maintenance of the roadbed.

The invention relates to the field of steel structure fabrication, in particular to an assembling jig frame for a steel structure. The assembling jig frame for the steel structure comprises a base part and support parts. The assembling jig frame is characterized in that the base part comprises base main beams and tie beams perpendicularly connected with the main beams in a bolted mode, each tie beam is divided into two sections, the two sections of each tie beam are connected by adopting a long-hole bolt, and the separation distance of the main beams can be adjusted through relative motion; each support part comprises a support bottom plate, a bottom circular tube, a support circular tube, corbels, nuts, threaded rods, a top circular tube and a bracket, the support bottom plates are connected with a base in a bolted mode, the bottom circular tubes are perpendicularly welded to the support bottom plates, the support circular tubes are inserted into the bottom circular tubes, the corbels are symmetrically welded to the two side faces of each support circular tube, the brackets are perpendicularly welded to the upper portions of the top circular tubes and inserted to the upper ends of the support circular tubes, and the brackets are in contact connection with the threaded rods which are screwed in the corbels. According to the assembling jig frame for the steel structure, the assembling precision is improved, meanwhile the geometry applicable range is greatly widened, mounting and dismounting are easy, turnover and transportation are convenient, and the assembling efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a construction method for a shield tunneling machine to start from a coastal blow filling stratum with ultra shallow covering soil and a large longitudinal slope. The construction method comprises the following steps that (1) a starting end soil body is strengthened, specifically, the starting end soil body is strengthened by adopting high pressure jet grouting piles with the coordination of tri-axial mixing piles; (2) hole door pre-buried steel rings and external rings are installed, and grouting holes are reserved; (3) a starting concrete base is prefabricated, positioned and installed; (4) a starting bracket and a counter-force frame are positioned, installed and strengthened; and (5) the shield tunneling machine starts to enter a hole and perform tunneling, specifically, the starting state of the shield tunneling machine is reasonably selected, and the center line of the shield tunneling machine is kept coincident with the center line of the tunnel design. The construction method is suitable for the coastal blow filling stratum with the ultra shallow covering soil (the starting section covering soil thickness is less than or equal to 5 m) and the large longitudinal slope (the designed longitudinal slope is larger than or equal to 2%), the shield attitude control is good, ground deformation and uneven settlement can be effectively prevented, the segment assembling quality at a starting stage is ensured, the defects of dislocation, breakage, water leakage and the like are reduced, and the smooth starting of the shield tunneling machine is escorted.

The invention discloses a construction process of an urban main road. The construction process comprises the steps of construction preparation, roadbed excavation, roadbed filling, embankment slope protection and pavement construction. The construction preparation process comprises the steps of determining an on-site working boundary line, survey and setting out and cleaning a site; the roadbed excavation process comprises the steps of excavating a base, trimming a slope of a subgrade bed and compacting the subgrade bed; the roadbed filling process comprises the steps of survey and setting out, base treatment, filling, soil filling and rolling compaction, filling and excavating joint part construction and fill section drainage; the embankment slope protection process is carried out, and grass planting protection is adopted when the height H of the embankment slope is less than or equal to 3m; when the height H of the embankment slope is greater than 3m, a mortar rubble framework is adopted for protection; a solid revetment is adopted in the fill pond section; the pavement construction process comprises the steps of laying a graded broken stone hardcore, constructing a cement stabilized broken stone base layer and constructing an asphalt concrete surface layer. According to the construction process, the overall stability of the road surface can be improved, and differential settlement is avoided.

The invention aims to provide a construction method of composite foundation, pile-body material and earth body around the pile can be fully transferred to bear force through the method, and the intensity around the pile body can be kept uniform through regulating construction parameters, thereby ensuring the bearing capacity of foundation and effectively solving the problem of uneven deposition. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) inserting an inner tamping tube the upper end of which is provided with a diesel hammer into an outer tube with a larger diameter; (2) simultaneously submerging the outer hammer and the inner tamping tube down to the design depth through the up and down work of the diesel hammer; (3) raising the inner tamping tube, and then filling stuffing to the inside of the outer tube, and then tamping the stuffing by the inner tamping tube and gradually tamping the stuffing out of the outer tube; (4) taking the set penetration of the diesel hammer as a hammer stopping standard to control the intensity of reinforcement and compaction; (5) lifting the outer tube to a certain height through an outer connection device of the outer tube and simultaneously lifting the inner tamping tube; and (6) repeating the operations in steps (3)-(5) until reaching ground level.

The present invention discloses a filling concrete, which comprises a concrete mixture, a concrete admixture and a cementing material, wherein the concrete mixture is inert powder, the concrete admixture comprises one or a plurality of materials selected from an anti-dispersing agent, a tackifier and a high-performance polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, the use amount of the cementing material is 270-400 kg / m<3>, the sand rate is 45-52%, and the water-cement ratio is 0.56-0.85. According to the present invention, the concrete has good flowing performance, can achieve the self-leveling effect under water, has good underwater non-dispersibility, and can effectively resist seawater erosion, wherein the zero bleeding rate of the concrete can ensure the immersed tube foundation post-filling fullness in a seawater environment.

The invention discloses a municipal highway, a road surface structure and a construction method of the highway pavement, including the highway, on which there are altogether an epoxy resin asphalt layer, an FRT layer, a concrete layer, coal gangue, a lime layer, a slag soil base, steel bars, Reinforced grid mesh, pouring vertical steel columns inside the road, so as to avoid the dislocation between the road surface and the roadbed after a long time, the upper surface of the lime layer is bonded to the middle layer of the paved road surface and the asphalt concrete on the upper layer of the road surface and pressed together In fact, during road construction, because the FRP waterproof layer has good water resistance, it can avoid the uneven settlement caused by the accumulation of water penetrating into the roadbed, and then can ensure the smoothness of the road surface. The epoxy resin laid on the surface of the road The asphalt layer makes the road surface have good ductility, so that the road surface will not crack during the long-term extrusion.

The present invention provides one foundation reinforcing construction process. The present invention has standard penetration as the control standard for the hole depth and laminated extruded stuffing to ensure the homogeneous pile shaft reinforcing density, makes the pile shaft material and the earth body around the piles to act together, depositing plain concrete in the part near the ground surface to raise the foundation reinforcing quality. The construction process includes the following steps: punching and expanding the earth body in the pile position with slender hammer until meeting the standard penetration; filling hole with reinforcing material and tamping one layer by one layer until reach certain depth to ground surface; and depositing plain concrete into the pile hole.

The invention discloses a vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag and a slope protection method thereof. The method comprises the first step of construction preparing, the second step of measuring and lofting, the third step of base cleaning and leveling, the fourth step of ecological bag filling and mixing, the fifth step of ecological bag packing, the sixth step of slope body earthwork backfilling, the seventh step of slope ratio determining through wire pulling, the eighth step of ecological bag building, the ninth step of slope face cleaning, the tenth step of afforest constructing, and the eleventh step of maintaining. According to the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag, water is allowed to seep out of a bag body, the hydrostatic pressure of the bag body is reduced, the soil in the bag is not allowed to get out of the bag body, the purpose of conservation of water and soil is achieved, the bag body becomes a medium for the survival of plants, and the bag body is soft and good in integrity. An anchor rod connecting assembly is adopted, the whole bag is subjected to the force, the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag has scientific stability, and the construction method is simple and convenient. The vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag has high adaptability to the environment, the environment can be beautified after construction, air can be purified, the vision fatigue is relieved, and the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag is integrated with the nature.

The invention discloses an anti-frost heaving and anti-seismic composite foundation structure. The anti-frost heaving and anti-seismic composite foundation structure includes a plurality of rigid captype piles, a coarse sand cushion layer, a rubber pebble stiffened cushion layer, a rubber quake isolation cushion layer and a raft plate, the multiple rigidity cap type piles are evenly arranged in foundation soil, the coarse sand cushion layer is positioned on the foundation soil, the rubber pebble stiffened cushion layer is located on the coarse layer, the rubber quake isolation cushion layer is located on the rubber pebble stiffened cushion layer, the raft plate is located on the rubber quake isolation cushion layer, a blocking plate is placed on the periphery of the coarse sand cushion layer, the rubber pebble stiffened cushion layer, and the rubber quake isolation cushion layer, a building is built on the raft plate. The foundation structure can effectively prevent the foundation frost heave and the earthquake damage deformation and fracture under earthquake in a cold area, improve the mechanics performance of the foundation structure; effectively lower or avoid the enormous economic loss caused by the earthquake and the freezing damage.

The invention provides a method for quickly building a dyke on a coral island, and belongs to coastal engineering building construction technologies. The method comprises the steps of terrain reconnaissance, site selection and positioning, foundation treatment, dyke building, sinking and moving observation and operation maintaining. The method for quickly building the dyke on the coral island is characterized by comprising the steps that a foundation is flattened, a canal is dug for irrigation, a gate wharf is mounted in a prefabricated mode, a dyke fixing component is mounted, hydraulic reclamation and pouring are conducted, a river is dug for protecting the dyke, and plants are planted on the inner side of an outer side revetment. The method for quickly building the dyke on the coral island has the advantages of adjusting measures to local conditions, drawing on local resources, and being high in speed, good in quality and high in efficiency. Positive significance is achieved on the aspects of improving dyke quality, improving building speed, improving safety and stability of the dyke and governing the environment.

A high-strength earth work grille net is characterized in that the grille net is waved by the high-strength high-modulus northylen. The grille net is weaved by a plurality of high-strength high-modulus polythene cords. Each cord comprises a plurality of folds, and each fold comprises a plurality of threads. Each lattice of the grille net is quadrangle. The outer layer of the grille net is coated with art glue. The grille net of the invention has the advantages of remarkably high tensile strength, high corrosion resistance, high wearing resistance, low specific elongation, less creep deformation, stronger locking and engaging function to the soil body, effectively processing the soft earth base and the steep bank, restricting the lateral displacement of the soil body, overcoming the differential descending of the soil body, greatly increasing the bearing capacity of the ground work and increasing the whole capability of the ground work.

The invention discloses a seasonal frozen soil region subgrade structure and a construction method thereof. The subgrade structure sequentially comprises a light foam layer, a low-liquid-limit clay layer, a composite geomembrane layer, a subgrade filling layer, a gravel layer, a metalling layer, a medium coarse sand layer and a composite heat preservation cushion layer from bottom to top, whereina fiber concrete layer is arranged on the upper surface of the composite heat preservation cushion layer, the section of the fiber concrete layer is in a double-layer trapezoid shape, and the fiber concrete is coated with a subgrade filler. According to the structure and the method, the service life of the subgrade is prolonged, the overall long-term stability of the subgrade structure of the seasonal frozen soil area is ensured, and the defects of insufficient toughness, poor freeze thawing resistance, easy cracking and weak seepage resistance of plain concrete are overcome.

The invention discloses a roadbed splicing construction method in expressway reconstruction and extension. The method comprises the following steps: 1, removing surface soil of a roadbed substrate tobe widened, and rolling the substrate after the surface soil is removed before filling; 2, laying geocells on the base, and manually scattering gravels in the geocells; 3, performing slope cutting onthe to-be-widened side of the old roadbed, excavating steps at the slope part from top to bottom, and after the steps are excavated, and laying steel-plastic grids at the roadbed along the step surfaces; and 4, performing layered filling on the roadbed to be widened, and arranging settlement observation points and horizontal displacement observation points in the roadbed filling process. With application of the roadbed splicing method, the new roadbed and the old roadbed are well connected, longitudinal cracks caused by differential settlement of the new roadbed and the old roadbed are avoided, and thus the construction quality of highway reconstruction and extension engineering projects is guaranteed, and the highway construction level of China can be improved.

The present invention discloses a lime and flyash precast pile which is used for reinforcing the soft base, the precast pile comprises a double ash material which is precast in the outer surrounding with a dense state; the double ash material is composed of lime and flyash; the bulk factor between the lime and the flyash is 7:3, 6:4 or 5:5; the lime adopts the lime with grade above III level and the water content of the flyash is 25-35%; the front and low ends of the precast outer surrounding is sealed openings; and the material of the precast outer surrounding is the nonwoven fabric with strong water permeability. The precast pile of the invention is mainly suitable for the sullage-shaped clay of the ultra-soft base, and is suitable for the ground treatment of the beach reclamation or the reinforcing of the ultra-soft ground. At the same time a pile forming technique of the precast pile and a method using the pile for forming the composite ground are disclosed in the invention.

The invention aims to provide a composite foundation which is high in pile strength, is large in stress area, is capable of improving a pile-soil replacing ratio and sufficiently transferring a pile-end soil body to participate in stress, and a construction method thereof. The composite foundation comprises a pile foundation and an upper cushion layer of the pile foundation, wherein the pile foundation consists of a peripheral cemented soil pile body, an inner concrete pile body, a pile top expanding part and a pile end carrier part; and the diameter of the pile top expanding part is greater than or equal to that of the cemented soil pile body. The invention further discloses a construction method for the composite foundation, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: (1) stirring a soil body at pile location by adopting a mode of not excavating soil, and spraying cement paste into the soil body to form a cemented soil pile body; (2) before strength of the cemented soil pile body reaches initial setting strength, forming holes in the middle part of the cemented soil pile body by adopting a mode of extruding soil, wherein the hole-forming depth is greater than or equal to depth of the cemented soil pile body; (3) carrying out pile end carrier part construction; (4) carrying out concrete pile body and pile top expanding part construction; and (5) laying the cushion layer on the pile top.

The invention provides a pile-raft composite shock isolation trough foundation structure under strong shock. The pile-raft composite shock isolation trough foundation structure under strong shock comprises a plurality of pile foundations, a plurality of shock isolation supporting seats and shock isolation troughs; the plurality of the pile foundations are distributed in a foundation; the shock isolation supporting seats are fixedly mounted at the pile top of each pile foundation; the shock isolation troughs are mounted on the shock isolation supporting seats; hot melt rubber layers are paved on the inner side walls of the shock isolation troughs; and rubber cushion layers, pebble buffering cushion layers, geogrids, rubber gravel cushion layers, composite geo-membranes, epoxy resin castinglayers, asphalt sand cushion layers and rafts are paved in the shock isolation troughs in sequence from bottom to top. The pile-raft composite shock isolation trough foundation structure under strongshock can effectively attenuate or eliminate seismic energy, avoid shaking and shock of an upper building and reduce the disaster caused by an earthquake. An earthquake resisting effect is outstanding; the construction is simple; the construction period is short; and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a wellhead protection device for an automatic underground water monitoring well. The wellhead protection device comprises a barrel body, a cover body and a semi-buried concrete base; the barrel body comprises an outer barrel body and an inner barrel body; the outer barrel body is fixedly connected to the concrete base; the inner barrel body is fixed in the outer barrel body and is provided with a measuring scale; the bottom end of the measuring scale is connected with a floating ball; a hinged rotating shaft hinged to the top end of the outer barrel is arranged at one end of the cover body; and a fixed supporting system is arranged in the concrete base. The wellhead protection device has the advantages that installation and data transmission of an automatic underground water monitoring device are supported; the underground water level can be automatically measured at any time without being influenced by seasonal change of the water level, data comparison and rechecking are facilitated, and the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured; the fixed supporting system in the base is convenient to construct, firm and reliable, and differential settlement of a foundation can be effectively prevented; and the wellhead protection device is suitable for underground water monitoring work in an artificial fill stratum or a coastal soft soil foundation area.

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method of a large-area concrete terrace. The method comprises the following steps of: transversely pre-burying casings on the periphery with the openings of the casings facing outwards during construction of a previous small terrace; after the previous small terrace is molded by pouring, inserting straight rigid rod pieces into the casings, and fixedly connecting the outer ends of the rod pieces projecting out of the openings of the casings with steel bars of a next small terrace; and after the next small terrace is molded by pouring, cutting the rod pieces from the joint between the two small terraces. Due to the adoption of the method, slotted ground can be prevented, and the engineering quality can be improved.

The invention discloses a device for improving the bearing performance of a steel arch of a dilative soil large-section tunnel. The device comprises an arched support. High-strength round spiral steel bars and rigid supporting bases are arranged at large arch feet at the bottom of the arched support, each large arch foot comprises an upper-layer steel plate and a lower-layer steel plate connected with the upper-layer steel plate through five high-strength round spiral steel bars in a plum pile mode, and the rigid supporting bases penetrate through the high-strength spiral steel bars; five supporting base insertion grooves are formed in each lower-layer steel plate, and the supporting base insertion grooves are used for fixing the supporting bases so as to guarantee the overall stability of the steel arch. The device can relieve the settlement deformation of surrounding rock at the initial stage of excavation of the dilative soil tunnel, improve the self-stabilization capacity of the tunnel effectively and lastingly, form a multifunctional surrounding rock reinforcement area and guarantee the safety of tunnel constructors and protect equipment.

The invention discloses a rowed pile box culvert structure and a construction method thereof. The rowed pile box culvert structure comprises side column rowed piles, high pressure jet grouting piles, side crown beams, U-shaped base plates and top plates, wherein the side column rowed piles are divided into two groups and are symmetrically distributed on two sides, high pressure jet grouting piles are arranged between two side column rowed piles on each side to form a water stopping curtain, the number of the side crown beams is two, the side crown beams are located above the two groups of side column rowed piles, the U-shaped base plates are cast between the groups of side column rowed piles, side walls of the U-shaped base plates are connected with the inner walls of the side column rowed piles, and the upper portions of the side column rowed piles are cast with the top plates integrally. The construction method of the structure comprises the steps that the row piles are supported, then the base plates and the top plates are cast by adopting inverse excavation construction, construction links are decreased, an original temporary structure for rowed pile supporting is changed into a perpetual structure, engineering structure waste is avoided, a constriction period is effectively shortened, and construction cost is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of high-fill subgrade bridge construction, and particularly discloses a high-fill bridge bearing platform structure construction method.The bridge bearing platform structure comprises a bridge bearing platform, pile foundations and pier studs, the bridge bearing platform comprises a plurality of bearing platform straining beams, so that the multiple bearing platforms form an integral bridge bearing platform structure, and when the bridge bearing platform structure is constructed, the pile foundations are arranged on the pile foundations, and the pier studs are arranged on the pile foundations; comprising the steps that A, a foundation pit is excavated; b) treating the pile head; c) treating a base and pouring a cushion layer, and pouring the cushion layer between the bottom of the bridge bearing platform and the base for integrally pouring the bridge bearing platform structure on the cushion layer; d) steel bars are manufactured and installed; e) mounting a template; f) concrete is poured and maintained; g) removing the template; and H) backfilling and compacting the foundation pit, and integrally pouring the pouring bridge bearing platform structure on the cushion layer, so that a plurality of bearing platforms are poured on the same horizontal plane, an integral stress effect is formed, the stability and stress uniformity of the bridge bearing platform structure are ensured, and overlarge local load is avoided.

The invention discloses a structure for preventing differential settlement of a shield tunnel. The structure comprises an arc bottom supporting pipe sheet and a plurality of arc ordinary supporting pipe sheets, and the bottom supporting pipe sheet and the ordinary supporting pipe sheets are spliced into a tunnel. The outer side of the bottom supporting pipe sheet is provided with an air bag, the air bag is connected with an inflation pipeline through a connector, and the inflation pipeline is connected with an inflation device arranged on the inner side of the bottom supporting pipe sheet. Theconnector is provided with an air pressure detection device. An implementing method of the structure for preventing differential settlement of the shield tunnel comprises the steps from the first step to the seventh step, since mucky clay in a sludge stratum is not stable, differential settlement of the tunnel is caused in the long-term running process, the mucky clay is fluid-like, and the supporting and floating effect can be generated to the air bag; and the air bag is arranged in the tunnel bottom sludge stratum, the air bag at the bottom of the supporting pipe sheet supports the tunnel,and through air pressure adjustment of the air bag, differential settlement of the tunnel is relieved and even avoided.

The invention relates to a waste landfill evapotraspiration covering layer based on municipal dehydrated sludge. The waste landfill evapotraspiration covering layer comprises a foundation bed, an adjusting layer, a water storage layer and a vegetation layer. The foundation bed is obtained through the method that building waste is crushed mechanically in situ and flattened; the adjusting layer is obtained through the method that after first modified agents are added in the municipal dehydrated sludge after dehydrating, the municipal dehydrated sludge and the first modified agents are stirred evenly and then extruded into spherical particles, and the spherical particles are placed in a cool ventilating environment to be naturally cured and dried; the water storage layer is obtained through the method that after second modified agents and synthetic fibers are added in the municipal dehydrated sludge, the municipal dehydrated sludge, the second modified agents and the synthetic fibers arestirred evenly; and the vegetation layer is formed through the method that evergreen herbaceous plant seeds are sewed on the surface of the water storage layer, and shrubs or shrub woody plants are planted. According to the waste landfill evapotraspiration covering layer based on municipal dehydrated sludge, materials and the structure of the evapotraspiration covering layer are optimized, resource utilization of the sludge is achieved, and double harvesting of economic benefits and environment benefits is achieved.