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Preparation method for potassium nitrate

A technology of potassium nitrate and nitrate, applied in directions such as the preparation of alkali metal nitrate, can solve the problems of high raw material cost, increased process cost, complicated process, etc., and achieves the effects of reducing process energy consumption, reducing preparation cost, and simple preparation method

Active Publication Date: 2017-01-04
QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology

The method in the prior art is not only complicated in process, but also uses acid-base neutralization or other double decomposition reactions, which has the problem of high raw material cost, and produces more industrial waste residue, which greatly increases the process cost

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  • Preparation method for potassium nitrate

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[0023] The preparation method of described a kind of potassium nitrate comprises the steps:

[0024] In the first step, the nitrate is heated to no more than 300° C. for melting to obtain a first melt.

[0025] Preferably, the eutectic auxiliary salt can be mixed with the nitrate, and then heated to no more than 300°C; wherein, the mass ratio of the nitrate to the eutectic auxiliary salt is not lower than 1:1.

[0026] Specifically, the nitrate is selected from sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, barium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, cerium nitrate, manganese nitrate, niobium nitrate, iron nitrate, cobalt nitrate, nickel nitrate , copper nitrate, zinc nitrate, cadmium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, lead nitrate, bismuth nitrate, tin nitrate, gallium nitrate, molybdenum nitrate; preferably, the nitrate is selected from sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, nitric acid At least one of magnesium, calci...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for potassium nitrate, which comprises the following steps: A, heating a nitrate till a temperature of not higher than 300 DEG C for melting to obtain a first melt; B, crushing and adding potassium-rich rock to the first melt, continuing heating to a temperature of not higher than 600 DEG C, and preserving heat for 12 h to 36 h to obtain a second melt, wherein the potassium-rich rock is a silicate mineral having not lower than 8% of K2O by mass fraction calculated by K2O; C, feeding water into the second melt to obtain a mixed system after the second melt is cooled to a temperature ranging from 100 to 120 DEG C, and preserving heat of the mixed system at a temperature ranging from 50 to 90 DEG C for 6 h to 48 h, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a first filter residue and a first filtrate; D, concentrating and cooling the first filtrate to separate out potassium nitrate. According to the preparation method for potassium nitrate of the invention, the aqueous solution of potassium nitrate can be obtained through two times of leaching with the potassium-rich rock as the raw material, and is simple in process, low in energy consumption, and green and environmentally friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic salt preparation, and in particular relates to a preparation method of potassium nitrate. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country, and potash fertilizer, as an important strategic agricultural resource, is related to the country's food supply security. At present, the annual demand of my country's crop potassium fertilizer market is about 4.6 million tons (in K 2 O meter), plus industrial potassium and reasonable stocks, the total annual demand for potassium salt is about 6.49 million tons. It is estimated that by 2020, my country's market demand for crop potassium fertilizer alone will reach 10 million tons. At present, my country's potash fertilizer production capacity is limited, and the annual production capacity is only about 3.2 million tons (in K 2 (2) can not meet the demand of the domestic market, and about 30% of the annual potash fertilizer demand n...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01D9/02
CPCC01D9/02
Inventor 孙进贺贾永忠张全有景燕谢绍雷姚颖
Owner QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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