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Lithium anode surface treatment method of lithium metal battery

A lithium metal battery and surface treatment technology, applied in battery electrodes, electrode manufacturing, circuits, etc., can solve battery safety issues, coulombic efficiency decline, lithium source loss, etc., to reduce losses and inhibit the generation of metal lithium dendrites , The effect of simple operation method

Active Publication Date: 2017-08-25
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Since the metal lithium battery was proposed in the 1970s, it has always faced several unresolved problems: such as the generation of metal lithium dendrites, some of which will break away from the conductive framework to form "dead lithium" that can no longer be used, resulting in Decreased coulombic efficiency and loss of lithium source; in addition, a large number of lithium dendrites may pierce the separator and cause battery safety problems

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0015] Embodiment 1: preparation is that the mass fraction is 1% lithium carbonate and the mass fraction is the ethylene carbonate solution of 0.5% sodium fluoride, gets 40 μ L of this electrolytic solution and evenly drips on the surface of the circular lithium sheet that diameter is 16mm, waits for the solvent to naturally After the evaporation is complete, a lithium sheet containing a solid electrolyte protective layer is obtained, and the thickness of the protective layer is 2nm. The prepared metal lithium sheet is used as the negative electrode and the sulfur positive electrode is matched with the full battery. After testing, it is found that the coulombic efficiency of the lithium-sulfur battery can reach 99.0%, and the cycle life can reach 1000 cycles.

Embodiment 2

[0016] Example 2: Prepare a propylene carbonate solution with a mass fraction of 0.01% lithium nitrate and 1% potassium fluoride, take 10 μL of the electrolyte solution and evenly drop it on the surface of a circular lithium sheet with a diameter of 16 mm. After evaporation is complete, a lithium sheet containing a solid electrolyte protective layer is obtained, and the thickness of the protective layer is 20 μm. The prepared metal lithium sheet is used as the negative electrode to match the full battery with the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode. After testing, it is found that the coulombic efficiency of the lithium-sulfur battery can reach 99.6%, and the cycle life can reach 2000 cycles.

Embodiment 3

[0017] Example 3: Prepare a dimethyl carbonate solution with a mass fraction of 10.0% lithium perchlorate and 3.0% silver fluoride, take 1000 μL of the electrolyte solution and evenly drop it on the surface of a circular lithium sheet with a diameter of 16 mm. After the solvent evaporated naturally, a lithium sheet containing a solid electrolyte protective layer was obtained, and the thickness of the protective layer was 200 μm. The prepared metal lithium sheet was used as the negative electrode to match the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode for the full battery. After testing, it was found that the coulombic efficiency of the lithium-sulfur battery can reach 97.0%, and the cycle life can reach 1000 cycles.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium anode surface treatment method of a lithium metal battery and belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries. According to the method, a chemical method is adopted, and the method comprises the steps that 1, salts or esters as additives are dissolved into an organic solvent, and an electrolyte solution is prepared; 2, the electrolyte solution is reacted with a metal lithium sheet, so that a solid electrolyte protection layer is formed on the surface of the lithium sheet. The operation method is simple and convenient for large-scaled production and quantitative control; the solid electrolyte layer formed on the metal lithium surface in place can effectively inhibit generation of lithium dendrites, the loss of a lithium source is reduced, so that the coulombic efficiency of the whole battery is improved obviously under the condition without the additives, the stability and the high efficiency of a metal lithium anode are achieved in the long battery life process, and obvious effects on inhibiting the metal lithium dendrites and improving and keeping the high coulombic efficiency of the whole battery are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for treating the surface of a metal lithium negative electrode of a lithium metal battery, and belongs to the technical field of lithium metal batteries. Background technique [0002] The 21st century has entered the era of mobile life, and the demand for energy in the whole society has become higher, which has also promoted the rapid development of the energy storage field, especially battery energy storage. Since Sony Corporation developed the first generation of commercial lithium-ion batteries in the 1990s by using graphite anodes instead of metal anodes, lithium-ion batteries quickly occupied high-end mobile terminals with notebook computers, mobile phones, digital cameras and other electronic products as the main body. market. With the introduction of the national new energy strategy development strategy, the promotion and popularization of new energy vehicles nationwide will curb the exhaust pollution caused by...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/1395H01M4/04
CPCH01M4/0416H01M4/1395Y02E60/10
Inventor 张强闫崇程新兵黄佳琦
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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