Preparation method of non-noble metal nitrogen-doped porous carbon electrocatalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a non-noble metal nitrogen-doped porous carbon electrocatalyst. Specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps: in organic solutionand under the condition without a surfactant, adopting a self-made or commercialized material containing a non-noble metal organic framework (MOF) as a metal-source precursor, mixing with a certain amount of nitrogen source added, and carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis to obtain nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanoparticles coated with non-noble metal species. The electrocatalyst material obtained by adopting the preparation method has a great application prospect in the aspects of fuel cells and electrolytic tanks.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a non-noble metal nitrogen-doped porous carbon electrocatalyst. Background technique [0002] With the increasingly prominent energy and environmental issues, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells have attracted the attention of experts and scholars due to their high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. The ideal catalyst for the battery cathode reaction oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a platinum-carbon catalyst, but The high price and limited reserves of platinum greatly limit the commercialization of fuel cells. Due to high activity and low cost, non-noble metal catalysts based on nitrogen-doped porous carbon have become a research hotspot (Z. Chen et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 3167–3192; Z. Yang et al., Journal of PowerSources 236(2013) 238-249). At present, the preparation method of nitrogen-doped porous carbon-oxygen reduction electrocatalysts is mainly the template method...

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Chinese patent 201310036292.X discloses a method, using small molecular carbon-containing compounds as raw materials, adding inorganic bases, organic nitrogen-containing compounds and metal sources to obtain nitrogen-doped carbon with micropores, mesopores and macropores after pyrolysis material, the material has good capacitive performance, but the oxygen reduction catalytic performance is not high

Chinese patent 201510338782.4 discloses a method, using the Friedel-Crafts reaction to synthesize a copolymer of tripyrrole-(1,3,5)triazine and pyrrole as a nitrogen source and a carbon source, adding an ethanol solution of a non-noble metal salt, and then heating in two steps Nitrogen-doped carbon-supported non-noble metal oxygen reduction catalyst is obtained by one-step acid washing. The Friedel-Crafts reaction requires ice bath conditions and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, the yield is low, and the final product catalyst only contains micropores and no mesopores or macropores. Good for mass transfer, better activity in alkaline electrolytes but requires higher loading capacity, low volume specific activity

Song et al. (H.Huang et.al., J.Mater.Chem.A, 2015, 3, 4976–4982) used Fe-MIL-88b (acetic acid as solvent), dicyandiamide and sucrose as raw materials to pyrolyze After getting Fe 3 C / nitrogen-doped graphene catalyst, the onset potential is higher than Pt / C10mV under alkaline conditions, but the preparation process needs to add surfactant and the loading amount on the electrode surface is high

NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) is used as the precursor to synthesize non-metallic nitrogen-doped microporous carbon materials in one step, and the obtained catalyst has a loading capacity of 0.061mg / cm -2 The half-wave potential of the alkaline system is about 60mV different from that of Pt / C. However, highly toxic and corrosive HF acid is required to remove Al during the preparation of the catalyst. The operation process is dangerous and does not conform to the principle of atom-economical preparation.

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