Preparation method and system for pentaerythritol ester

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method and system for pentaerythritol ester. The preparation method comprises the steps that pentaerythritol and fatty acid are subjected to the esterification reaction, a reaction distillation column achieving the esterification reaction comprises a column kettle and a rectifying section, a gas inlet is formed in the lower portion of the column kettle, and a gas exhausting outlet is formed in the top of the column kettle; the gas exhausting outlet is communicated with an inlet in the lower portion of the rectifying section, and an outlet in the bottom of the rectifying section is communicated with an inlet in the top of the column kettle; the pentaerythritol and the fatty acid are subjected to the esterification reaction in the column kettle, inert gasis constantly introduced in the column kettle from the gas inlet, an obtained gas mixture flows into the rectifying section through the gas exhausting outlet for rectifying separation, and heavy distillate obtained through the rectifying separation returns to the column kettle through the outlet in the bottom of the rectifying section. The preparation method is mild in reaction conditions, can achieve efficient utilization of the fatty acid raw material, can improve the yield of the pentaerythritol ester, and reduces the difficulty of later product separation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method and system of pentaerythritol ester, belonging to the technical field of organic chemical synthesis. Background technique [0002] With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, people have put forward more and more stringent requirements for lubricants. Among them, synthetic esters have been widely used as base oils for high-performance lubricants in the aerospace field. In recent years, they have also been used in special In the field of internal combustion engine lubricating oil, it can make up for the defects of some properties of mineral oil; although its price is relatively high, it is gradually favored by people because of its good thermal stability, low temperature performance, biodegradability and low toxicity. [0003] As an important part of ester lubricant base oil, pentaerythritol ester is composed of pentaerythritol and C 5 ~C 9 Monobasic fatty acids, C 5 ~C ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, a large amount of unreacted fatty acids will increase the load of subsequent product separation; the existence of water-carrying agent needs to increase the step of solvent removal in the subsequent product separation process, which not only increases operating costs and equipment investment, but also is not conducive to obtaining high-purity In addition, some researchers are currently trying to control the absolute pressure of the esterification reaction system in the high vacuum range of 5-15Pa to prevent the entry of oxygen in the air from affecting the color and purity of the esterification product, but due to the reaction conditions More stringent, does not take advantage of actual large-scale promotion and application

[0006] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to solve the problems of low yield, difficult product separation and harsh reaction conditions in the current pentaerythritol ester synthesis process.

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