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Preparation method and application of high-performance biomass carbon for Cd fixing

A biochar, high-performance technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, restoration of polluted soil, and other chemical processes, etc., can solve the problems of large consumption, low proportion and complex modification of biochar field remediation applications. , to achieve the effect of low preparation cost and strong adsorption performance

Pending Publication Date: 2019-04-26
INST OF ENVIRONMENT & SUSTAINABLE DEV IN AGRI CHINESE ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] (1) Although some biochars have a better adsorption effect on Cd in aqueous solution and higher adsorption capacity, in complex soil environments, especially under the influence of multiple factors such as soil microorganisms and soil organic matter, can they continue to Showing excellent Cd fixation effect remains to be studied
[0009] (2) Although some biochars have a good effect on reducing the exchange state of Cd in the soil environment, the exchange state of Cd in the soil is mainly transformed into carbonate binding state, iron manganese oxidation state and organic binding state , the proportion of Cd converted to residual state is low, which may cause Cd in the soil to be reactivated into an exchange state at a certain time in the future, which will continue to threaten the soil environment
[0010] (3) Sulfur-containing materials are recognized as remediation agents with excellent Cd-fixing ability, but multiple modification of biochar by using organic sulfur-containing solutions will undoubtedly bring a certain risk of secondary pollution; in addition, biomass The application of charcoal in field repair consumes a lot, and the complex modification will undoubtedly increase the corresponding repair cost

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0029] A preparation method for high-performance solid Cd biochar, comprising the steps of:

[0030] (1) Pretreatment of rape straw: wash, dry and pulverize rape straw to obtain rape straw powder for later use; the sulfur content of the selected rape straw is 10.9-22.5 mg / g; the drying temperature is 40-70 ℃;

[0031] (2) High-temperature anaerobic carbonization of rape stalks: Add rape stalk powder into a pyrolysis carbonization furnace to prepare biomass charcoal under high-temperature anaerobic conditions. After cooling, grinding, and sieving, it is ready for use; the reaction temperature is 300-700°C , the reaction time is 1.0-5.0h, and the high-temperature anaerobic condition avoids the loss of sulfur; grind and sieve until the particle size of the biochar is less than 0.3mm;

[0032] (3) Cd fixation by rape straw biochar: fully mix the prepared rape straw biochar with Cd-containing solution and soil;

[0033] The pH range of the Cd-containing solution described in the ...

Embodiment 1

[0037] 1) Pretreatment of rape stalks: washing rape stalks (sulfur content 12.8mg / g), drying and pulverizing at 40°C to obtain rape stalk powder for later use;

[0038] 2) High-temperature anaerobic carbonization of rape stalks: put rape stalk powder into a carbonization furnace, and anaerobically pyrolyze it at 400°C for 2.0 hours to prepare biomass charcoal. After cooling, grinding, and sieving, a powder with a particle size of less than 0.3mm is obtained for future use. ;

[0039] 3) Cd in rape straw biochar adsorption solution: take the biochar obtained in 2) and the solution containing 100 mg / L Cd (solid-to-liquid ratio 1g:1000mL, pH=7.0) after fully mixing and adsorbing, the Cd was measured. The adsorption capacity of material charcoal to Cd is 40 mg / g.

[0040] 4) Rapeseed straw biochar fixes Cd in the soil: Take the biochar obtained in 2) and mix it with the soil (pH=8.0) containing 2.0 mg / kg Cd at a ratio of 5%, and after the aging is completed, the soil acetic acid ...

Embodiment 2

[0042] 1) Pretreatment of rape straw: washing rape straw (sulfur content 22.5mg / g), drying at 60°C and pulverizing to obtain rape straw powder for later use;

[0043] 2) High-temperature anaerobic carbonization of rape stalks: put rape stalk powder into a carbonization furnace, and anaerobically pyrolyze it at 700°C for 1.0 h to prepare biochar. After cooling, grinding, and sieving, a powder with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm is obtained for future use. ;

[0044] 3) Cd in rapeseed straw biochar adsorption solution: take the biochar obtained in 2) and the solution containing 500 mg / L Cd (solid-to-liquid ratio 1g:600mL, pH=8.0) after fully mixing and adsorbing, the Cd was measured. The adsorption capacity of material carbon to Cd is 120mg / g.

[0045] 4) Rapeseed straw biochar fixes Cd in the soil: take the biochar obtained in 2) and mix it with soil containing 2 mg / kg Cd (pH=8.0) at a ratio of 5.0%. After the aging is completed, the soil acetic acid extraction The conte...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of high-performance biomass carbon for Cd fixing. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of rape straws: cleaning the rape straws, drying and crushing to obtain rape straw powder for later use; (2) high-temperature anaerobic carbonization of the rape straws: preparing the rape straw powder into biomass carbon under high temperature anaerobic conditions, and cooling, grinding and sieving for later use; (3) Cd fixing by the rape straw biomass carbon: fully and uniformly mixing the prepared rape straw biomass carbon, a solution containing Cd and soil. The preparation method provided by the invention has the benefits that the rape straws are raw materials to realize the reduction and the resource utilization of the rape straws; the prepared sulfur-containing biomass carbon has stronger adsorption property to the high-concentration Cd in the solution; the prepared sulfur-containing biomass carbon can form stable sulfide with the Cd so as to reduce the bioavailability of the Cd in the soil; any chemical reagent is not required to be added during the preparation, and the preparation cost is low, therefore, the high-performance solid Cd biomass carbon has practical popularization values.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method for fixing heavy metals, in particular to a method and application for preparing a high-performance Cd fixative by utilizing rapeseed stalks. Background technique [0002] With the development of the economy and the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the problem of heavy metal pollution in the environment has become more and more prominent. The results of the national soil pollution survey show that inorganic pollutants, mainly heavy metals, are the main pollutants of soil pollution, and the number of excessive points accounts for 82.8% of all the excessive points, among which cadmium (Cd) exceeds the standard most seriously. Cd has strong chemical activity in the environment, high mobility, long-lasting toxicity, and is easy to endanger human health through the enrichment of the food chain. It can induce liver, kidney, and bone lesions, as well as teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, whic...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/20B01J20/30B09C1/00B09C1/08
CPCB01J20/0266B01J20/20B01J2220/485B09C1/00B09C1/08
Inventor 杨建军严玉波王艺皓张良东
Owner INST OF ENVIRONMENT & SUSTAINABLE DEV IN AGRI CHINESE ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
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