Hollow carbon microspheres and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides hollow carbon microspheres and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that after an extracting solvent in a supercritical or near-critical state is utilized to perform extraction on heavy oil, an extracted oil phase is obtained, and after supercritical desolventizing treatment is performed on the extracted oil phase, extracted components areobtained, wherein the extracting solvent is selected from light hydrocarbon or light hydrocarbon fractions of C3-C5; a reaction system containing the extracted components and an organic solvent is subjected to a thermal polycondensation reaction in a supercritical or near-critical state of the organic solvent; after the thermal polycondensation reaction is completed, the organic solvent is separated, a coarse product is collected, a separating solvent is added for purifying treatment, and a purified coarse product is obtained; and drying treatment is performed on the purified coarse product to obtain the hollow carbon microspheres. According to the preparation method, the heavy oil is used as a raw material, no template or catalyst needs to be added, and high-quality hollow carbon microspheres with smooth surfaces can be further prepared.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hollow carbon microsphere and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the fields of high value-added processing of heavy oil and carbon materials. Background technique [0002] Hollow carbon microsphere is a kind of spherical carbon material with great potential. It has the characteristics of low toxicity, large specific surface area, low density, thermodynamic and chemical stability, etc. Whether it is used as a high-performance catalyst carrier or in biology, adsorption, energy storage, It has good application prospects in the fields of optoelectronics, heat insulation, sound insulation and electrode materials. [0003] As a carbonization product, although there are a wide range of raw materials for the preparation of hollow carbon microspheres, most of them are pure substances, such as glucose, phenol, benzene, ethylene, formaldehyde or polymers, etc. as carbon sources. The preparation method is mainly based on the tem...

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Problems solved by technology

However, limited by the reaction method, there are few reports on the application of heavy oil in the field of high value-added carbon materials

The main reason is that the reaction of heavy oil is complex and difficult to control. Although there are many related reports on deep processing applications, there are generally defects in downstream product standards that are unstable or poor in quality and low in yield.

Although a small number of manufacturers have realized the preparation of needle coke and mesophase products (pitch or carbon microspheres) from heavy oil as raw materials, this should be the main way to prepare carbonized products from heavy oil through thermal condensation and coking reactions. , but the characteristics of heavy oil and the results of previous separation and treatment have a great impact on the quality of carbonized products such as needle coke. With the current industrial production process, each batch of needle coke products will have 30% or more inferior coke that does not meet the standard , in order to produce high-quality carbonized products with high output, it requires high production process control and equipment investment

On the other hand, even if the production of high-quality carbonized products can be achieved, compared with heavy oil raw materials with huge output, its downstream application path and scope are still relatively narrow

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