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Bamboo nano-cellulose and polyurethane composite foam as well as preparation method and application thereof

A technology of nanocellulose and composite foam, which is applied in chemical instruments and methods, water/sludge/sewage treatment, water pollutants, etc., can solve the problems of small penetration force, weak adsorption effect, and long time consumption, so as to reduce energy consumption. Consumption and cost, improvement of adsorption performance, time-consuming effect

Active Publication Date: 2020-07-17
SICHUAN AGRI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) The production and preparation of nano-cellulose aerogels in the prior art requires freeze-drying to obtain cellulose-based aerogels. The freeze-drying cycle is long and the cost is high
[0005] (2) The resilience of nanocellulose airgel is insufficient, and when it is used as an adsorption material, it lacks enough external kinetic energy to make the adsorbent quickly absorb heavy metal ions, etc.
[0006] (3) The cost of reagents for preparing airgel adsorption materials is relatively high, which is not conducive to large-scale batch production and is difficult to achieve marketization
[0007] (4) Nanocellulose has a great influence on the viscosity of the liquid. Therefore, this technology needs to use a large amount of aqueous solution to disperse the nanocellulose to ensure the uniformity of the nanocellulose inside the airgel, but a large amount of aqueous solution also requires a long time Freeze-drying has the problems of long time consumption and high energy consumption
[0009] (1) The adsorption effect of unmodified nanocellulose on heavy metal ions is weak, much lower than that of modified nanocellulose, so there is still great room for improvement in the adsorption performance of nanocellulose / polyurethane foam composites
[0010] (2) The conventional preparation method of this technology needs to bleach nanocellulose to remove lignin. This process takes a long time, consumes a lot of energy, and pollutes a lot, which is not conducive to improving production efficiency.
[0011] (3) This technology composites nanocellulose and polyurethane foam through the immersion method. In the 3D polyurethane foam structure system, due to the small penetration force generated by the effect of atmospheric pressure, nanocellulose can only penetrate into the outer layer of polyurethane foam, resulting in the loss of nanofibers. The dispersion of cellulose in polyurethane foam is extremely uneven, and there are obvious differences in the adsorption effect of the inner and outer layers of nanocellulose / polyurethane foam, and the lack of reusability

Method used

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preparation example Construction

[0039] The preparation method of bamboo nano cellulose and polyurethane composite foam comprises the following steps:

[0040] (1) Preparation of bamboo nanocellulose (CNC) for adsorption by microwave liquefaction

[0041] Take 2g of dried bamboo powder of 40-60 mesh hard-headed yellow bamboo, mix it with a solvent at a mass ratio of 1:5, and then add 98% H 2 SO 4 After uniform mixing, it was placed in a Milestone experimental microwave reaction device, the reaction temperature was controlled at 120°C, and the reaction time was 10 minutes. The solvent is glycerol: methanol is mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1; 98% H 2 SO 4 Solvent ratio: 2wt%.

[0042] After the microwave liquefaction reaction is completed, the liquefaction residue is obtained by filtration and separation. The residue is treated with 3% NaOH solution at 80°C for 1 hour to remove impurities such as hemicellulose, and then the residue is prepared into a 0.1wt% suspension and placed in an ice bath. Ultrasonic tre...

Embodiment 1

[0046] Embodiment 1: 0.5g bamboo nanocellulose is added in 3g dimethylformamide, add 2g polyether polyol, ultrasonic vibration makes bamboo nanocellulose evenly distributed in the polyol system, then adds 0.1g composite catalyst (three Ethylamine: triethanolamine mass ratio 1:1), 0.05g surfactant silicone oil, 0.1g dibutyltin dilaurate, after rapid mechanical stirring, add 2g isocyanate, stir rapidly until the foam starts to rise. After the material is successfully prepared, let it stand for 12 hours to balance the internal stress of the foam. The shape of the prepared composite foam is stable. It is applied to the sewage treatment containing heavy metals, and the adsorption capacity of heavy metal copper ions can reach 30mgg -1 about.

Embodiment 2

[0047] Embodiment 2: 0.75g bamboo nanocellulose is added in 4g dimethylformamide, add 2g polyether polyol, ultrasonic vibration makes bamboo nanocellulose evenly distributed in the polyol system, then add 0.1g composite catalyst (three Ethylamine: triethanolamine mass ratio 1:1), 0.05g surfactant silicone oil, 0.1g dibutyltin dilaurate, after rapid mechanical stirring, add 3g isocyanate, stir rapidly until the foam starts to rise. After the material is successfully prepared, let it stand for 12 hours to balance the internal stress of the foam. The shape of the prepared composite foam is stable. It is applied to the sewage treatment containing heavy metals, and the adsorption capacity of heavy metal copper ions can reach 45mg g -1 about.

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention provides bamboo nano-cellulose and polyurethane composite foam as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps: (1) preparing bamboo nanocellulose for adsorption by microwave liquefaction; (2) carrying out TEMPO oxidative grafting with carboxyl; and (3) preparing the bamboo nano-cellulose (CNC) / polyurethane foam adsorbing material.The material can be used for rapidly adsorbing heavy metal pollutants. A large amount of energy consumption and cost can be saved, TEMPO oxidative grafting is conducted on carboxyl with negative electricity, and the adsorption performance of the bamboo nano-cellulose on heavy metal ions can be remarkably improved; the bamboo nano-cellulose is dispersed by adopting dimethylformamide to obtain the nano-cellulose / polyurethane adsorption material with uniformly dispersed nano-cellulose, meanwhile, the foaming process flow can be greatly simplified by adopting a one-step foaming process, and the composite material with ideal heavy metal adsorption capacity is prepared on the basis of saving the cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal treatment, and in particular relates to a composite foam of bamboo nano-cellulose and polyurethane, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] As a renewable natural resource, nanocellulose not only has a good specific surface area, but also has a variety of surface group remodeling properties, making its surface negatively charged, thereby further increasing its adsorption performance for heavy metal cations. Therefore, nanocellulose It can be used as an ideal heavy metal adsorbent. Oxidation and grafting of carboxyl groups on the surface of nanofibers is an extremely effective method to increase the negative charge on the surface of nanofibers, which can significantly improve the adsorption capacity of nanocellulose to cationic pollutants. Although nanocellulose has great adsorption potential, the extraction cost of nanocellulose is still high to be used as ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08G18/64C08G18/48C08B15/04C02F1/28C08G101/00C02F101/20
CPCC08G18/6484C08G18/48C08G18/4081C08B15/04C02F1/285C08G2101/00C02F2101/20
Inventor 邱翀鹏黄兴彦张雪仑李凤魏雨洁向璐梁婷郝仕霖齐锦秋陈玉竹谢九龙肖辉姜永泽
Owner SICHUAN AGRI UNIV