System for graded collection of micro-plastics in water body and synchronous monitoring of water body parameters

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for graded collection of micro-plastics in a water body and synchronous monitoring of water body parameters and belongs to the technical field of an environmental monitoring device. The device comprises a mobile platform, a lead fish, a water depth measurement device, a liquid level sensing device, a water temperature sensing device, a flow velocity measurement device, a water collecting device, a micro-plastic graded filtering device and a collection control device, wherein the mobile platform comprises an installation platform, a power part and a cable winding and unwinding part, two ends of a cable winding and unwinding part are connected with a power part and the lead fish respectively, the water collecting device comprises a vacuum pump and a liquid collecting pipe, the vacuum pump is arranged in the lead fish and connected with the micro-plastic graded filtering device through the liquid collecting pipe, the water depth measurement device, the liquid level sensing device, the water temperature sensing device and the flow velocity measurement device are fixed on the lead fish, and the acquisition control device is used for displaying and storing data. The device is advantaged in that micro-plastics in flowing or static water bodies with different depths can be collected in an in-situ fixed-point grading manner, water body parameters are synchronously monitored, sampling efficiency is improved, and influence of external factors such as water flow is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring equipment, in particular to a system for graded collection of microplastics in flowing (rivers, oceans) or static (lakes, harbors) environmental water bodies and synchronous monitoring of the flow velocity, water depth and water temperature of the water bodies. Background technique [0002] Due to the characteristics of plastics such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, stability, light weight, firmness, and low cost, plastics are widely used in various fields of modern life. Due to the renewal and waste of plastics, a large amount of plastic waste is discharged into the environment, and plastic waste is difficult to degrade, easy to absorb pollutants and microorganisms, and the ecological environment problems caused by it have become the focus of attention of countries all over the world. In 2004, Thompson et al. (2004) first proposed the concept of "microplastics". The ...

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Problems solved by technology

This device can only be used for microplastic sampling in surface water, and cannot realize microplastic sampling in water at different depths, which is not conducive to the scientific evaluation of microplastic pollution in water bodies in three-dimensional space

[0006] CN108344600A discloses a synchronous collection system for multi-particle size microplastic samples in different depths of water, which realizes the synchronous collection of microplastic samples of different depths and different particle sizes. The used continuous type collector, nested type collector or sampling The bottle-type collector connects multiple sampling nets together by connecting or nesting to realize synchronous collection of multi-size microplastic samples. It is still a trawl sampling mode in essence, and is easily affected by wind waves and waves generated by hull navigation. The sampling depth is not fixed, it is prone to tilt, the volume of the trawl water body has a large deviation, the calculation result is inaccurate, and the microplastic sample is easy to attach to the net, resulting in unclean washing and serious sample residue, which directly affects the quantitative analysis of the sample

During use, the vertical section fluctuates up and down due to the influence of wind and waves, resulting in the inability to fix the depth of the sampling water layer with large errors

When the weather and navigation conditions change during the actual use of the whole system (especially dynamic water bodies such as rivers), in order to ensure the stability of the vertical sampling section, it is necessary to adjust the installation position of the towing rope, towing angle, The length of the tow rope and the size of the configured floats and sinkers, etc., the adjustment process of the acquisition system is cumbersome and time-consuming, which affects the quality and efficiency of sampling

[0007] CN110763518A discloses a portable in-situ water body microplastic graded sampling system, which can preset sampling depth, sampling volume and other parameters to realize the automatic collection of microplastics, but the rigid frame structure of this device is easily affected by water flow, so the Due to the large resistance, it is difficult to ensure that the device enters the water vertically and stably

The filter is installed underwater, so it is impossible to judge whether the screen is clogged in time and adjust it in time, thus affecting the sampling efficiency

During the sampling process, the entire device is located underwater, and the underwater device needs to be sealed and waterproofed. The sealing structure is complicated, the requirements for manufacturing and processing are high, the investment cost is high, and it is difficult to deal with accidental accidents.

[0008] All of the above technologies do not consider synchronous monitoring of water environment parameters that affect microplastics. Therefore, based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a simple, easy-to-operate and control system that integrates the active hierarchical collection of microplastics in environmental water bodies and the synchronous monitoring of related water environment parameters. The system serves static and dynamic water environment monitoring and analysis, and provides comprehensive, accurate and reliable monitoring data for water ecological environment protection and governance

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