The invention relates to a single-well depressurizing trial mining
system and a single-well depressurizing mining method for marine gas hydrates. The method comprises the following steps: a comprehensive monitoring
well drilling stage, a production well shallow part drilling stage, a
decomposition monitoring
well drilling stage, a core boring and sampling stage, an environment monitoring device installing stage, a production well deep part drilling and mining stage, a well sealing and equipment recovering stage. The
system is provided with a production well, a comprehensive monitoring well,
decomposition monitoring wells and an environment monitoring device, so that comprehensive mining data can be acquired and the mining safety of the marine gas hydrates can be guaranteed. According to the method, the mining of the whole mining process of the production well is monitored by adopting the two monitoring wells, the stratum temperature change, the
hydrate in-layer flow data and the like in a mining process can be acquired, and the
safe operation of a gas
hydrate trial mining well can be guaranteed. The production well involved the method disclosed by the invention is drilled and cemented in stages, the blowout caused by sudden rise of the
hydrate well pressure can be prevented, and the safety of the production well can be guaranteed.