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Silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof, negative electrode and battery

A silicon-carbon composite material and carbon material technology, applied in negative electrodes, battery electrodes, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of affecting battery cycle performance, easy powdering and peeling of silicon negative electrode materials, etc., to improve cycle performance and buffer volume. The effect of swelling and increasing cracking resistance

Pending Publication Date: 2021-05-04
ZHEJIANG UNIV +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the silicon negative electrode material is easy to pulverize and peel off due to the large volume expansion of silicon, thereby affecting the cycle performance of the battery, the invention provides a silicon-carbon composite material

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof, negative electrode and battery
  • Silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof, negative electrode and battery
  • Silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof, negative electrode and battery

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preparation example Construction

[0062] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material. The preparation method includes: forming the metal layer on the surface of the silicon nanoparticle; forming the metal layer on the surface of the metal layer. carbon material layer to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method includes: mixing the silicon nanoparticles, the metal salt solution, and the polymer monomer as a carbon source material, and then performing a polymerization reaction under the action of an oxidizing agent, and the intermediate is obtained after the reaction. product; the intermediate product is pyrolyzed to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material.

[0064] It should be noted that during the mixing process, metal ions tend to gather on the surface of silicon nanoparticles compared to the polymer monomer as a carbon source material, and then the polymer m...

Embodiment 1

[0076] The preparation method of silicon carbon composite material is as follows:

[0077] (1) Disperse 1g of nano-silicon powder (particle size is about 100nm, roughly in the range of 80nm-120nm) in 0.1g / L copper nitrate solution, add 1g of pyrrole, stir for half an hour, so that the nano-silicon powder is fully dispersed in nitric acid in the copper solution. 40 mL of hydrochloric acid was added to initiate pyrrole polymerization to obtain a suspension. The suspension was vacuum filtered and dried in an oven for 12 hours to obtain a precursor, labeled as Si@Cu(NO 3 ) 2 @PPY.

[0078] (2) The precursor Si@Cu(NO 3 ) 2 @PPY is placed in a porcelain boat and placed in a tube furnace, filled with argon protective gas, heated to 900°C, kept warm for 3 hours, cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water and ethanol three times, filtered with suction, and dried in vacuum for 12 hours to obtain Silicon-carbon composites (marked as Si@Cu@C).

[0079] figure 2 It is...

Embodiment 2

[0083] The preparation method of silicon carbon composite material is as follows:

[0084] (1) Disperse 1g of nano-silicon powder (particle size is about 500nm, roughly in the range of 450-550nm) in 0.2g / L copper nitrate solution, add 1g of pyrrole, stir for half an hour, so that the silicon powder is fully dispersed in copper nitrate solution. 1 g of ammonium persulfate was added to initiate polymerization to obtain a suspension. The suspension was vacuum filtered and dried in an oven for 12 hours to obtain a precursor.

[0085] (2) Put the precursor in a porcelain boat and put it into a tube furnace, pass through argon protective gas, heat up to 800°C, keep warm for 3 hours, cool to room temperature, wash with distilled water and ethanol three times respectively, suction filter, vacuum Dry for 12 hours to obtain a silicon-silicon-carbon composite material.

[0086] In the silicon-carbon composite material of Example 2, the content of silicon nanoparticles is 60%, the thic...

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof, a negative electrode and a battery, belonging to the technical field of energy storage materials. The silicon-carbon composite material comprises: silicon nanoparticles; a metal layer, wherein the surfaces of the silicon nanoparticles are coated with the metal layer; and a carbon material layer, which coats the surface of the metal layer. In the silicon-carbon composite material, the metal layer on the surfaces of the silicon nanoparticles can provide more metal / silicon contact interfaces and increase electron conduction paths, and meanwhile, and the metal layer and the carbon material layer provide strong stress support for volume expansion of silicon and increase the cracking resistance of a silicon material, so the possibility of direct contact between silicon and an electrolyte is reduced, and the cycle performance of the composite material is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of energy storage materials, in particular to a silicon-carbon composite material, a preparation method thereof, a negative electrode and a battery. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, there is a great demand for energy storage systems with high energy density and long cycle life. Lithium-ion batteries have the highest energy density among secondary batteries, making them ideal clean energy sources for commercial applications. Anode materials are an important factor in improving the energy and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. [0003] Among the existing lithium-ion battery anode materials, silicon has the highest theoretical specific capacity (4200mAh g -1 ) and lower discharge plateau (0.4V vs. Li / Li + ); as an element second only to oxygen in the earth's crust, silicon has a huge annual output in the industry, and is considered to be t...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M4/134H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M4/626H01M4/628H01M10/0525H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 凌敏孙铭浩刘艳艳梁成都
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV
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