Method for comprehensively recovering all components of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module

A photovoltaic module, full-component technology, applied in the direction of electronic waste recycling, photovoltaic power generation, recycling technology, etc. Sheets and glass plates, etc., to shorten the pyrolysis time, speed up the pyrolysis speed, calorific value utilization rate without smoke pollution

Pending Publication Date: 2022-08-02
GUANGZHOU INST OF ENERGY CONVERSION - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Publication number CN 110783428 A discloses a physical method for fluid separation and recovery of waste photovoltaic panels. This method can obtain complete glass plates, but the silicon wafers are completely damaged, and this method is not suitable for disposing of waste photovoltaic panels with broken glass plates; Publication number CN110328216 A discloses two stages of heat treatment to recycle waste photovoltaic panels, but the first preset temperature is low, which is prone to produce toxic gases, deteriorates the operating environment, and poses serious challenges to workers' operations, and does not mention the waste photovoltaic panel dis

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  • Method for comprehensively recovering all components of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module

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Example Embodiment

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A method for comprehensive recovery of all components of a waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Pre-sorting: including pre-disassembly and judging steps of whether the glass backplane is broken; the collected waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels are firstly pre-disassembled, and the aluminum frame and junction box are disassembled to obtain the aluminum frame and junction box. After pre-disassembly, according to whether the glass back plate is broken, incomplete and complete plates are obtained. The incomplete plates enter the rotary low-temperature vacuum pyrolysis recovery system for recycling, and the complete plates enter the mobile microwave-enhanced pyrolysis recovery system for recycling;

[0027] (2) Recycling of incomplete plates: the rotary low-temperature vacuum pyrolysis recovery system for incomplete plates includes cutting into blocks, rotary low-temperature vacuum pyrolysis...

Example Embodiment

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Same as Example 1, the difference is:

[0032] In the rotary low temperature vacuum pyrolysis condition in step (2), the diameter of the furnace body is 1.2m, the effective heating length of the furnace body is 3.5m, the furnace body rotation speed is 5rpm, the pyrolysis temperature is 450°C, and the pyrolysis time is 20min.

[0033] The conditions of the mobile microwave-enhanced pyrolysis in step (3) are: microwave power 1200W, pyrolysis temperature 950°C, microwave pyrolysis time 5min, nitric acid leaching conditions are: the mass percentage of nitric acid is 70%, the leaching reaction temperature is 85°C, The leaching reaction time is 0.5h.

[0034] In the whole comprehensive recovery system of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the comprehensive decomposition rate of EVA is 100%, and the comprehensive decomposition rate of TPT is 100%. The generated first hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas and second hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas...

Example Embodiment

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Same as Example 1, the difference is:

[0037] In the rotary low temperature vacuum pyrolysis condition in step (2), the diameter of the furnace body is 0.6m, the effective heating length of the furnace body is 1.8m, the furnace body rotation speed is 2rpm, the pyrolysis temperature is 350°C, and the pyrolysis time is 25min.

[0038] The conditions of microwave pyrolysis in step (3) are: microwave power 900W, pyrolysis temperature 750°C, microwave pyrolysis time 25min, nitric acid leaching conditions are: the mass percentage of nitric acid is 30%, the leaching reaction temperature is 45°C, and the leaching reaction Time 2.0h.

[0039] In the whole comprehensive recovery system of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the comprehensive decomposition rate of EVA is 99.6%, and the comprehensive decomposition rate of TPT is 99.7%. The generated first hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas and second hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas can be used as ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recovering all components of a waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-disassembling a collected waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel to obtain an incomplete panel and a complete panel; (2) cutting the incomplete plate into blocks, performing rotary vacuum pyrolysis to obtain first hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residues, and sorting the pyrolysis residues to obtain glass residues, a first soldering tin conduction band, photovoltaic cell panel fragments and first pyrolysis ash residues; and (3) carrying out movable microwave enhanced pyrolysis on the complete plate to obtain second hydrogen-containing pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis plate, carrying out component separation on the pyrolysis plate to obtain a complete photovoltaic cell silicon wafer, a complete glass plate, a second soldering tin conduction band and second pyrolysis ash, mixing the second pyrolysis ash with the first pyrolysis ash, and carrying out nitric acid leaching, and leaching residues and a precious metal-containing acid leaching solution are obtained. The method realizes all-component high-valued recovery of the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module, and has the characteristics of high comprehensive utilization rate of resources, short process flow, no flue gas pollution and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive recovery of all components of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, in particular to a method for comprehensive recovery of all components of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. Background technique [0002] With the increasing depletion of fossil energy and increasingly prominent environmental problems, the need for clean energy to overcome the use of fossil fuels and mitigate climate change caused by human activities has become a global concern. Crystalline silicon photovoltaics are considered a promising technology that converts sunlight into electricity without any other energy sources. In recent years, photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly, and the annual growth of global photovoltaic power demand exceeds 20%. Under the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in my country, photovoltaic power generation is developing rapidly, and it is clear tha...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B09B3/40B09B3/35B09B101/16C22B7/00C22B11/00
CPCB09B3/40B09B3/35C22B7/007C22B11/046B09B2101/16Y02W30/82
Inventor 袁浩然吴玉锋顾菁王亚琢陈勇
Owner GUANGZHOU INST OF ENERGY CONVERSION - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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