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Alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte and preparation and application thereof

An electrolyte additive and alkali metal battery technology, which is applied in the manufacture of alkaline batteries, alkaline batteries, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of electrochemical performance degradation, potential safety hazards, and severe growth of alkali metal dendrites, etc., and achieve mechanical Intensity increase, growth inhibition, growth inhibition effect

Pending Publication Date: 2022-08-05
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the currently used film-forming additives, the effective substances introduced to improve the film-forming performance or the nanostructure interface layer itself are vulnerable. Once the effective substances introduced in the additive are consumed, or the interface layer of the nanostructure is broken , it loses the effect of inhibiting the growth of alkali metal dendrites, which will lead to more intense growth of alkali metal dendrites, resulting in a decrease in electrochemical performance and serious safety hazards

Method used

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  • Alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte and preparation and application thereof
  • Alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte and preparation and application thereof
  • Alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte and preparation and application thereof

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0039] A kind of tetrafluoroborate containing tetraacetonitrile copper(I)([(CH 3 EN) 4 Cu]BF 4 ) additive lithium metal battery electrolyte, its preparation method is as follows:

[0040] (1) In a glove box filled with argon gas, and the oxygen and water contents in the glove box are both less than 1 ppm, add lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide (LiTFSI) into the organic solvent, and mix uniformly to obtain a mixed Solvent; the organic solvent is composed of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME) in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the amount of LiTFSI ensures that the , the concentration of LiTFSI is 1 mol / L.

[0041] (2) Continue in the above-mentioned glove box filled with argon gas, and the oxygen and water content in the glove box are both less than 1ppm, control the temperature in the glove box to be 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃, tetrafluoroborate tetraacetonitrile copper (I) ( [(CH 3 EN) 4 Cu]BF 4 ) into the mixed solvent, use a magnetic stirrer to perform magnet...

Embodiment 2

[0043] A kind of copper(I)([(CH) containing tetraacetonitrile hexafluorophosphate 3 EN) 4 Cu]PF 6 ) additive lithium metal battery electrolyte, its preparation method is as follows:

[0044] (1) In a glove box filled with argon, and the oxygen and water contents in the glove box are both less than 1 ppm, LiTFSI is added to the organic solvent, and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solvent; the organic solvent is determined by DOL and DME according to 1 : 1 volume ratio composition, the consumption of LiTFSI ensures that in the electrolyte prepared in this example, the concentration of LiTFSI is 1 mol / L.

[0045] (2) Continue in the above-mentioned glove box filled with argon, and the oxygen and water contents in the glove box are both less than 1 ppm, control the temperature in the glove box to be 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃, hexafluorophosphate tetraacetonitrile copper (I) ( [(CH 3 EN) 4 Cu]PF 6 ) into the mixed solvent, use a magnetic stirrer to perform magnetic stirring for 1 h, and then...

Embodiment 3

[0047] A kind of copper(I)([(CH) containing tetraacetonitrile trifluoromethanesulfonate 3 EN) 4 Cu]CF 3 SO 3 ) additive lithium metal battery electrolyte, its preparation method is as follows:

[0048] (1) In a glove box filled with argon, and the oxygen and water contents in the glove box are both less than 1 ppm, LiTFSI is added to the organic solvent, and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solvent; the organic solvent is determined by DOL and DME according to 1 : 1 volume ratio composition, the consumption of LiTFSI ensures that in the electrolyte prepared in this example, the concentration of LiTFSI is 1 mol / L.

[0049] (2) continue in the above-mentioned glove box full of argon, and the oxygen and water content in the glove box are all less than 1ppm, control the temperature in the glove box to be 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃, put tetraacetonitrile copper trifluoromethanesulfonate (I )([(CH 3 EN) 4 Cu]CF 3 SO 3 ) into the mixed solvent, use a magnetic stirrer to perform magnetic stirri...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, an electrolyte and preparation and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alkali metal batteries. The additive is an ionic liquid consisting of tetraacetonitrile copper (I) cations and fluorine-containing Lewis alkali anions; the fluorine-containing Lewis base anion is one or more of a tetrafluoroborate ion, a hexafluorophosphate ion, a trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, a bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imine ion and a bis (fluorosulfonyl) imine ion; and the fluorine-containing Lewis base anion is one or more of a tetrafluoroborate ion, a hexafluorophosphate ion, a trifluoromethanesulfonate ion and a bis (fluorosulfonyl) imine ion. And the electrolyte comprises 0.5 mg mL <-1 > to 2 mg mL <-1 > of the additive. And adding the additive into a mixed solvent consisting of alkali metal salt and an organic solvent, uniformly mixing, and standing to obtain the electrolyte. The additive inhibits the growth of alkali metal dendritic crystals and improves the electrochemical performance of the battery through the comprehensive action of electrostatic shielding and formation of a stable SEI film.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an alkali metal battery electrolyte additive, an electrolyte and its preparation and application, and belongs to the technical field of alkali metal batteries. Background technique [0002] Alkali metal batteries generally refer to batteries in which the negative electrode of the battery is lithium, sodium, potassium and their alloys. Alkali metal has extremely high theoretical specific capacity, low redox potential and low density, so the alkali metal battery with it as the negative electrode is considered to be one of the most potential high specific energy energy storage devices, with a wide range of application prospects. [0003] However, due to their poor safety and unstable cycle performance, alkali metal batteries are difficult to apply on a large scale. An important reason that affects the performance of alkali metal batteries is their poor interfacial stability. During the first cycle of charge and discharge of an ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/28H01M10/0567H01M10/26
CPCH01M10/28H01M10/0567H01M10/26Y02P70/50
Inventor 黄永鑫陈人杰张伯焘孙立谱陈诺官敏榕金枭雨高圣钰王誉淞张国强
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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