Pretreatment method and device for utilizing domestic garbage as fuel

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment method and a pretreatment device for utilizing domestic garbage as fuel, and relates to prophase treatment technology for garbage fuel. The method is characterized in that: the domestic garbage is subjected to primary sorting, crushing or bag breaking, screening, airflow suspension air separation and air drying treatment, wherein in an air separation functional chamber of an airflow suspension air separator, working airflow makes mixed garbage suspend and roll to reach a loose state; and garbage materials are layered according to the density, low-moisture light organic matters, high-moisture heavy organic matters and heavy inorganic matters are discharged from corresponding outlets and then subjected to post treatment, and the garbage fuel has the moisture content less than 15 percent, the inorganic content less than 5 percent and the low caloric power over 9,700 kj / kg, so that the domestic garbage can be utilized as a gasification raw material of a gasification furnace, or can realize stable combustion in an incinerator or an industrial boiler without adding conventional fuel, or be prepared into briquette fuel with high density so as to realize processing the domestic garbage with environmental protection, decontamination, minimization and resource in real sense.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the pretreatment technology of garbage fuel, in particular to a pretreatment method and equipment for domestic garbage. Background technique [0002] At present, the energy shortage and the environmental protection situation are grim. With the development of my country's national economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, garbage is increasing rapidly, and its content of harmful components is getting higher and higher. If it is not handled properly, it will pollute the environment and threaten people's health. This will not only restrict The progress of the society also affects the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, my country's domestic waste treatment mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill method to deal with domestic waste, which not only takes up a lot of land, wastes resources, but al...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Due to the complex composition of domestic waste, it includes organic matter such as kitchen waste, melon rind and shell, waste paper, waste plastic, waste fiber fabric, waste furniture, disposable wooden chopsticks, human and animal manure, agricultural and forestry waste, masonry, mud sand, ceramics, etc. , glass, waste batteries, waste metal and other inorganic substances are mixed together, and there are differences between high moisture and low moisture, soft and hard, light and heavy, flammable and flame retardant, organic and inorganic in the composition , if such mixed waste is sent to the incinerator or gasifier for treatment, the energy consumption in the furnace will increase, the incinerator cannot carry out stable combustion, the gasifier cannot produce high-quality syngas, and it is easy to damage the equipment

The pretreatment of waste fuel in existing waste incineration power plants is to stir and mix the waste in the storage pit, and then store it for a certain period of time. Through natural compression and fermentation, the water content of the waste can be reduced and the calorific value of the waste can be increased. , to improve the incineration effect of garbage, but the calorific value of the garbage fuel treated in this way is not high, and it is often necessary to add coal or fuel oil to support combustion in order to achieve stable combustion in the furnace, and such garbage fuel cannot be used as a gasification raw material for the gasifier at all.

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