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Preparation method of glyceryl biological fuel additives

A biofuel and additive technology, which is applied in the preparation of fuel additives, organic compounds, dehydration of hydroxyl-containing compounds to prepare ethers, etc., can solve the problems of low cetane number, high density, and insignificant effect, and achieve clean combustion and emission. Improved combustion performance and cost savings

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-11-05
NANJING TECH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0010] However, glyceryl acetate has little effect in other aspects as a fuel additive, for example, its cetane number is lower than that of ethers, and its density is higher than that of ethers, etc.

Method used

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  • Preparation method of glyceryl biological fuel additives
  • Preparation method of glyceryl biological fuel additives
  • Preparation method of glyceryl biological fuel additives

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] Embodiment 1: figure 1 It is the technological process of the preparation method of the glycerol-based biofuel additive, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Mix 39.5g of tert-butanol, 12.6g of glycerin, 1.5g of D002 ion exchange resin and 1.5g of color-changing silica gel in an autoclave. Step 2 Seal the autoclave. Before the reaction starts, replace the air in the autoclave with nitrogen gas, increase the nitrogen pressure until the initial pressure in the autoclave is 1MPa, control the temperature of the etherification reaction at 90°C, and keep the self-boosting pressure in the autoclave during the reaction. Time 8h.

[0028] figure 2 It is the reaction formula of the etherification process, wherein ROH represents a lower alcohol, and A, B, and C represent glycerol-derived monoglycerol, diglyceride, triglyceride and isomers.

[0029] Step 3 After the reaction is over, cool down the pressure vessel with an ice-water bath, then vent the gas in the vesse...

Embodiment 2

[0038] Example 2: Step 1 Mix 32.9g of propanol, 12.6g of glycerin, 1.4g of activated carbon-supported phosphotungstic acid catalyst and 1.5g of water-absorbing resin in an autoclave.

[0039] Step 2 Seal the autoclave, replace the air in the autoclave with methane, increase the methane pressure until the initial pressure in the autoclave is 3MPa, control the reaction temperature at 95°C, and the reaction time is 9h.

[0040] Step 3 is the same as Step 3 in Example 1.

[0041]Step 4 Add the liquid obtained after distilling off the alcohol in step 3 into the acylation reaction device, and add 21.8 g of acetic anhydride dropwise to carry out the acylation reaction. The acylation temperature is 140° C., and the acylation time is 2 hours.

[0042] Step 5 After adding anhydrous sodium carbonate to neutralize to neutrality, filter to recover the catalyst and water-absorbing agent, and distill the liquid mixture under reduced pressure to obtain the target product. The distillation t...

Embodiment 3

[0044] Example 3: Step 1 Mix 12.0g of isopropanol, 9.2g of glycerin, 1.1g of macroporous network resin GD001 and 1.4g of activated alumina in an autoclave.

[0045] Step 2 Seal the autoclave, replace the air in the autoclave with nitrogen, increase the nitrogen pressure until the initial pressure in the autoclave is 4MPa, control the reaction temperature at 80°C, and react for 10 hours.

[0046] Step 3 is the same as Step 3 in Example 1.

[0047] Step 4 Add the liquid obtained by distilling off the alcohol in step 3 to the acylation reaction device, and add 20.1 g of acetic anhydride dropwise to carry out the acylation reaction. The acylation temperature is 120° C., and the acylation time is 2 hours.

[0048] Step 5 is the same as Step 5 in Embodiment 2.

[0049] Through gas chromatography analysis, the final hydroxyl conversion rate was 98.9%.

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method for converting glycerol into a glycerol derivative system simultaneously containing glycerin ether and glyceride to be used as a fuel additive. Low-carbon alcohol and glycerol are used as starting materials, the mol ratio of the low-carbon alcohol to the glycerol is 2:1 to 8:1, the dosage of acid catalysts accounts for 0.5 percent to 10 percent of the total mass of reactants, water absorbents account for 1.5 percent to 10 percent of the total mass of the reactants, nitrogen gas is used for replacing air in a kettle, the initial pressure in the kettle is 0 to 4 MPa, the reaction temperature is 30 to 130 DEG C, and the reaction time is 4 to 10 hours; and the reduced pressure distillation is carried out after cooling, then, the acylation reaction is carried out, the reaction temperature is 60 to 150 DEG C, the reaction time is 1 to 4 hours, and glyceryl biological fuel additives are obtained. The fuel combustion performance can be improved through glycerin ether, and simultaneously, the fuel viscocity can be improved through the contained glyceride. The acidylation is carried out after the etherification, and the problem of low glycerol hydroxyl etherification rate is solved, so the additives and the fuel are mixed more uniformly. The catalyst and the water absorbents recovered through filtering and the low-carbon alcohol can be repeatedly utilized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuels, in particular to a method for preparing fuel additives for improving fuel combustion performance and reducing combustion pollution, in particular to a method for preparing glycerol-based biofuel additives by using acid catalysis to first etherify glycerol and then acylate it. Background technique [0002] As the world's non-renewable energy sources are decreasing and environmental pollution is increasing, the environmentally friendly and renewable biodiesel has attracted extensive attention from researchers in various countries. In 2011, the global biodiesel production is expected to reach 26 million tons. Glycerin is a by-product of transesterification to produce biodiesel, and its price has been decreasing with the increase of biodiesel production year by year. How to efficiently use glycerol and prepare high value-added products has become one of the important research directions in recent years....

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/19C10L1/185C10L1/02C10L10/00C10L10/14C07C41/09C07C43/13C07C43/10C07C67/08C07C69/18
Inventor 云志迟宗华尹隽李大学
Owner NANJING TECH UNIV
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