Method and device for separating oil and sand

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for separating oil and sands. The device comprises a smashing machine, a material conveying machine, a stirring tank, a secondary extraction tank, a mechanical clarifying tank, a fluidized drying tower, a condenser, a pre-heater, a cyclone hydraulic separator, a filter, an incinerator, a storage tank, a refining unit and a machine pump. The top of the stirring tank and the top of the secondary extraction tank are provided with stirring devices. The fluidized drying tower is provided with a circulating channel and a dedusting system. The incinerator is provided with a dedusting system. The top of a fractionation tower is provided with the condenser, and the bottom of the tower is provided with a reboiler. The oil and the sands are subjected to two-stage extraction, solid-phase residual sands are discharged outside by adopting a fluidized drying desorption solvent, and fluidized gas and the solvent are respectively cycled. Suspending particles in a liquid-phase mixture separated from the extraction tank are removed through the cyclone hydraulic separator and the filter, micro-particles are treated by means of a method for obtaining heat by burning mixed power coal and the like, energy sources are utilized comprehensively, and the environmental pollution is reduced. The recovery problem of solvent pitch in the residual sands after extraction is solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a separation method for separating asphalt components from oil sands, belongs to the technical field of chemical separation, and in particular relates to a method for extracting and separating oil sand asphalt by using an organic solvent, and a post-treatment method and device for solvents and residual solids. Background technique [0002] Oil sands are a complex mixture of sand, clay, bitumen and a small amount of water. At present, oil sand energy accounts for about one-third of the total existing oil resources, and the recoverable reserves of existing technologies are about 651 billion barrels, mainly distributed in Canada, Venezuela, the United States, Russia, Indonesia and China. A potential energy alternative to petroleum. [0003] At present, the methods of oil sand mining mainly include open-pit mining and in-situ mining. The former is suitable for the mining of oil sand mines whose burial depth is less than 75 meters,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are also some technical problems to be solved in the traditional solvent extraction technology: efficient and economical solvents are not easy to obtain; the solvent remaining in the solid sand is difficult to recover, etc.

[0005] The patent CN101274303A of Cheng Xiu and others reported a method of extracting oil sands by using esters as solvents, using a filter dryer and a centrifuge to separate the liquid and solid from the extract, directly backfilling the solid phase, and recycling the solvent. The process is simple. But key issues such as solid treatment are not solved well, if used in large-scale industrial production, will cause environmental secondary pollution problem; The patent CN101544902A of Zhang Guozhu et al. The oil sand is extracted with a mixed solvent mixed according to 20:1:1. The extraction is divided into three stages. The extraction temperature of each stage is controlled at 50°C, and the solvent is recycled. This technology can obtain a higher extraction rate, but it is also about the extraction The treatment of the final residual solids has not proposed a solution to the economic and environmental protection problems of the whole process; ) etc. proposed to use organic solvents such as toluene, naphtha, etc. to extract oil sands, and use centrifugation to separate liquid and solid from the extract; US4036732 (1977) pointed out that C5~C9 aliphatic hydrocarbons were used to extract oil sands, using A certain amount of water washes the extracted sand, and the fine particles suspended in the extract are separated by centrifugation; US3553099 also points out that the oil sand is first extracted with an organic solvent, and then the residual sand is treated by washing with water; US4139450 (1979) pointed out that hot toluene was used to treat oil sands, and at the same time, two-stage centrifugation was used to separate the liquid and solid of the extract; US4347118 (1982) pointed out that pentane was used as solvent to extract oil sands, and then two-stage centrifugal The fluidized bed dries the residual sand particles after extraction, without treating the fine particles; Williams et al. (US4108760, 1978) used organic matter with a supercritical temperature within 200 °C as a solvent to extract oil sands at 370 °C to 450 °C. A better extraction effect was obtained; Angelov, G. et al. (US4498971, 1984) proposed to use liquid nitrogen to freeze and crush the oil sand to separate it and extract the bitumen; US4929341 (1990) reported that ammonium sulfate, acetone, Sulfuric acid, etc. can promote the extraction effect of organic solvents (tetrachloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, toluene, benzene, etc.) on oil sands, but this technology needs to be extracted for about 4 hours to achieve better results

Combining the previous patented technologies on the use of solvent extraction technology to separate oil sands, a common problem encountered is the treatment of residual sand after extraction and suspended particles in the extraction liquid. Some technologies can achieve higher extraction efficiency. Efficiency, but cannot solve the problem of solvent recovery in the residue, some can solve the problem of solvent recovery in the residue, but the economic cost is too high to be implemented industrially, which is why the solvent extraction technology has not been really put into industrial use so far. Therefore, if the solvent extraction method is to be applied industrially, it is necessary to solve the recovery problem of the solvent and asphalt organic matter remaining in the solid, as well as the comprehensive problems such as the operation of the whole process economy and environmental protection. These are also the content that this patent will elaborate

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